ENCYCLOPHDIA OF GARDENING. 
on common species in temp. 75° in March or April; tall plants by stem- 
sens in spring. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: F. horrida, leaves palmate and spiny, 4 to 6 ft., Japan, 
etc,; japonica (Syn. Aralia Sieboldii), the Japanese Aralia or Fig-leaf Palm, 
leaves green, palmate, 3 to 6 ft., Japan, a popular room and greenhouse plant; 
papyrifera (Chinese Rice Paper-plant), syn. Aralia papyrifera, 6 to 8 ft., China. 
There are silver and golden variegated forms of F. japonica. 
Feather-few (Chrysanthemum Parthenium).—See Chrysanthe- 
mum. 
Feather-foil (Hottonia palustris)—See Hottonia. 
Feather Grass (Stipa pennata & Eragrostis elegans). — See 
Stipa & Eragrostis. 
Fedia eat of Plenty). — Ord. Valerianacee. Hardy annual. 
First introduced 1796. y 
CULTURE: Soil, ordinary. Position, open beds, rockeries, or bor- 
ders. Propagate by seeds sown in boxes or pots of light soil in temp. 
55° in March, transplanting into borders in May; or outdoors in April 
where plants are to grow. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: F. Cornucopie, red, lilac, rose, and carmine, July, 
6 in., S. Europe. 
Feea.—See Trichomanes . 
Felt-wort (Verbascum Thapsus).—See Verbascum. 
Female Oak (Quercus pedunculata).—See Quercus. 
Fennel (Feeniculum vulgare).—See Foeniculum. 
Fennel Flower (Nigella damascena).—See Nigella. 
Fennel-leaved Pzeony (Pzonia tenuifolia)—See Pzonia. 
Fen Rue (Thalictrum flavum).—See Thalictrum. 
Fenugreek (Trigonella fenum groseum).—See Trigonella. 
Fenzlia.—See Gilia. 
Fern-leaved Beech (Fagus sylvatica asplenifolia). — See 
Fagus. 
Fern-leaved Birch (Betula populifolia laciniata).—See Betula 
Fern-leaved Chestnut (Centanen vesca asplenifolia)—See 
Castanea. 
Fern-leaved Sumach (Rhus glabra laciniata).—See Rhus. 
Fern-leaved Weeping Birch (Betula populifolia pendula). 
See Betula. 
Fern Palm (Cycas revoluta).—See Cycas. 
Ferraria (Black Iris)—Ord. Iridacer. Hardy & half-hardy 
bulbous plants. Deciduous. First introduced 1755. 
CULTURE OF GREENHOUSE SPECIES: Compost, two parts sandy 
loam, one peat. Position, eool greenhouse. Pot, Nov. Place bulbs 
with point just below surface & 1 to 2in. apart. Water occasionally 
Nov. to Feb.; moderately Feb. to June; keep quite dry July to Nov. 
Temp., Nov. to Feb. 40° to 45°; Feb. to June, 50° to 60°. 
OUTDOOR CULTURE: Soil, rich sandy. Position, sunny well- 
drained border. Plant in March or April 2 to 3in. deep. Lift bulbs 
in Nov. & store in cool, dry, frost-proof Hinge until planting time, or 
protect in ground by covering of ashes, decayed leaves, or ianure in 
winter. Propagate by seeds sown jin. deep in well-drained pots of 
sandy soil in temp. 50° to 60° in March or April; by offsets at potting 
or planting time. 3 
SPECIES OLUTIVATED: F. undulata, brown and purple, March and April, 
6 to 8 in., S. Africa. 
Ferula (Giant Fennel).—Ord. Umbelliferea. Hardy herbaceous 
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