= ENOYOLOPEDIA OF GARDENING. 
ripen. Plant out in garden after fruiting. Temp. for forcing: Jan. 
to March 45° to 55°; March to ripening period, 65° to 75°. Propagate 
by seeds sown 1-16 in, deep in light soil outdoors, or in boxes in green- 
house in March or April; by runners on plants that fruit freely. 
Pegged on surface of soil in 3 in. pots in June or July, or by removing 
rooted runners in Aug. Runners rooted into pots best for pot culture. 
Market CuirureE: Soil, loam overlying chal or gravel. Position, 
open, not too dry or moist. Plant, Aug to Nov., 18in. apart 
in rows 2ft. 6in. asunder. Number of plants per acre, 11,000. 
Average cost per acre: Plants, £3; preparing land, £7; manure, £5; 
planting, 10s.; trimming, 15s.; gathering fruit, £8; annual manuring, 
£5; yield, 2 tons; gross returns, £42; net returns, £25, Manures: 
Farmyard dung, 20 tons; bonemeal, 3cwt.; and kainit, 1} cwt. per 
acre, applied in winter; soot, 40 bushels ber acre applied in spring. 
SPEOL CULTIVATED: F. chiloensis (Chili Strawberry), white, May, 1 ft., 
fruit crimson, Chili, ornamental; elatior (Hautbois Strawberry), white, summer, 
6 in., fruit red, aroma musky, edible, Murope (Britain); chiloensis grandiflora 
(Pine Strawberry), white, May, 1 ft., fruit, pineapple flavoured, edible, Chili; 
Collina (Green Pine Strawberry), white, May, 6 in., fruit green, pineapple 
flavoured, edible, Europe; indica (Indian Strawberry), yellow, June, trailing, 
India, an ornamental species suited for rockeries or hanging baskets; virginiana 
(Scarlet Strawberry), white, May, fruit scarlet, edible, United States, parent of 
the many forms of garden strawberries. 
Fragile Bellflower iCempenela fragilis) See Campanula. 
Fragrant Garland Flower (Hedychium coronarium).—See 
Hedychium. 
Francoa (Maiden’s Wreath; Wedding-flower).—Ord. Saxifra- 
gacew. Hardy & half-hardy perennial plants. First introduced 1830. 
OUTDOOR CULTURE: Soil, light rich loam. Position, sunny shel- 
tered borders, banks, or rockeries. Plant, March or April. 
POT CULTURE: Compost, two parts loam, one part leaf-mould & 
sand. Position, well-drained pots in cool greenhouse, frame, or 
window. Pot, March or April. Water moderately Oct. to April, freely 
afterwards. Apply little liquid or artificial manure to plants in 
flower. Temp., Oct. to April 40° to 50°; April to Sept. 55° to 65°. 
Propagate by seeds sown on the surface of a well-drained pan of sandy 
peat under bell-glass in temp. of 50° to 55° in February, March, or 
April; division of plants at potting time. 
PECIES CULTIVATED: F. appendiculata, red, July, 1 to 2 ft., Chili; ramosa, 
white, July and August, 2 ft., Chili; sonchifolia, pink, summer, 2 ft., Chili. 
Frankenia (Sea Heath).—Ord. Frankeniacew. Hardy flowering 
plants. Evergreen. Habit, creeping. 
CULTURE: Soil, light sandy. Position, sunny dry rockeries or 
borders. Plant, October or April. Propagate by division of plants in 
Oct. or April; seeds in cold frame in April. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: F. levis, rose, July and Aug., Europe (Britain). 
Frangipanni-plant (Plumiera acutifolia).—See Plumiera. 
Frankincense (Mohria caffrorum).—See Mohria. 
Fraser’s Balsam (Abies Fraseri).—See Abies. 
Fraxinella (Dictamnus albus).—See Dictamnus. 
Fraxinus (Ash; Flowering Ash; Manna Ash). — Ord. Oleacez. 
Hardy deciduous trees. Orn. foliage & flowering. Flowers, white, 
green, yellow; March to May. ; 
CULTURE: Soil, ordinary. Position, dryish, sheltered. Suitable 
for seaside gardens, towns, chalky or gravelly situations. Plant, Oct. 
to Feb. Prune, Oct. to March. Timber used. for tool handles, wooden 
rakes, ploughs, hoops, dairy utensils, and agricultural implements; 
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