ENCYCLOPHDIA OF GARDENING. 
also by cabinet makers for furniture making. Average value of timber 
per cubic ft. 1s. 6d. to 2s. Average life, 300 years. Timber reaches 
maturity at 70 years. Highest altitude at which it will thrive, 1,350 it. 
Weight of a cubic foot of timber, 48lb. No. of cubic feet to a ton, 48. 
Propagate by seeds, buried in dry sand for a year, then sown 1 in. deep 
in light soil outdoors in Feb., transplanting seedlings when a year old; 
grafting on common mponies in March. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: F. americana (White Ash), 30 to 40 ft., Canada; 
excelsior (Common Ash), 40 to 80 ft., Europe (Britain), and its varieties, crispa 
(Curl-leaved Ash), aurea (Golden Ash), pendula (Weeping Ash); Ornus (Flowering 
or Manna Ash), 20 to 30 ft., S. Europe. a 
Freesia.—oOrd. Iridacee. Greenhouse bulbous plants. Deci- 
duous. Nat. Cape of Good Hope. Flowers, fragrant. 
INDOOR CULTURE: Compost, equal parts decayed manure, loam, 
leaf-mould & sand. Position, pots in cool greenhouse, frame, or 
window. Pot, Aug. to flower in Jan., Oct. for Feb., Nov. for March, 
Dec. for April. Plant bulbs lin. deep & 2in. apart. Suitable sized 
pot, 44in. diameter. Stand pots in cool position & give very little 
water until growth commences. Water freely when growth well 
advanced & until plants have flowered, then gradually decrease supply, 
keeping soil quite dry till July. Temp. not lower than 40°. Apply 
weak liquid or artificial manure to plants showing flower. Repot, 
annually. 
OUTDOOR CULTURE: Soil, light rich sandy. Position, sunny well- 
drained borders 9. of England only. Plant bulbs 2in. deep & 2in. 
apart in Aug. or Sept. Protect in winter. Propagate by seeds sown 
4 in. deep in pots or pans of light sandy soil in cool greenhouse or frame 
as soon as ripe, or in March or April; by offsets at potting time. Do 
not transplant seedlings first year. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: F. refracta, white and orange, May to Aug., 1 ft.; 
and its varieties, Leichtlinii (yellow, cream, and oranges, alba (white), odorata 
(yellow and very fragrant). Sutton’s Pink is a variety with pink blossoms. 
Fremontia (Slippery Elm).—Ord. Sterculiacew. Hardy deci- 
duous flowering shrub. First introduced 1851. 
CULTURE: Soil, sandy loam. = Position, against west or north walls 
or fences, or in shrubberies 8. of England. Plant, Oct. to March. 
Prune after flowering. Propagate by seeds sown }in. deep in well- 
drained pee of sandy soil under bell-glass or frame in March or April. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: F. californica, yellow, June, 6 to 10 ft., California. 
French Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris).—See Phaseolus. 
French Fern (Asplenium adiantum-nigrum).—See Asplenium. 
French Honeysuckle (Hedysarum coronarium). — See 
Hedysarum. : 
French Lavender (Lavandula Stechas’.—See Lavandula. 
French Marigold (Tagetes patula).—See Tagetes. 
French May (Spirea arguta).—See Spirea. 
French Mulberry (Callicarpa purpurea).—See Callicarpa. 
French Rose (Rosa Fe cele osa. 
French Willow (Epilobium angustifolium).—See Epilobium. 
Fresh-water Soldier (Stratiotes aloides).—See Stratiotes. 
Fringed Buck-bean (Limnanthemum peltatum)—Sce Lim- 
nanthemum. 
Fringed Pink (Dianthus superbus).—See Dianthus. 
Fringed Water Lily (Limnanthemum peltatum).—See Limnan- 
themum. 
Fringe Flower (Schizanthus pinnatus).—See Schizanthus. 
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