ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GARDENING. 
Fringe Tree (Chionanthus virginica)—See Chionanthus. 
Fritillaria _(Fritillary, Crown Imperial; Chequered Daffodil ; 
Snake’s-head Fritillary; Persian Lily).—Ord. Liliacew. Hardy bulbous 
plants. Deciduous, 
OUTDOOR CULTURE : Soil, ordinary, nee rich. Position, shady 
borders for Crown Imperial; Snake’s-head Fritillary, borders, or 
naturalised in turf; well-drained open borders for other species. 
Plant, 4 to 6in. ty & 6 to Sin. apart, Sept. to Nov. Top-dress 
annually with decayed manure. Do not transplant bulbs oftener than 
once in four years. 
POT CULTURE: Compost, equal parts loam, peat, leaf-mould, 
decayed manure & sand. Position, well-drained pots in cold frame or 
cold greenhouse. Pot, Sept. or Oct., placing one bulb in centre of 
5, 6, or 8in. pot. Water very little till growth begins, then give mode- 
rate supply. Apply liquid manure when plants show flower. After 
flowering gradually withhold water, keeping soil quite dry after foliage 
has died. Propagate by seeds sown } in. deep in pots or pans of sandy 
soil in cold frame or greenhouse as soon as ripe, or in spring; by 
offsets at planting time. Do not transplant seedlings first year. Seed- 
lings do not flower until four to six years old. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: F. armena, yellow, April, 6 in., Asia Minor; aurea, 
yellow and brown, 6 in., May, Asia Minor; citrina, green and yellow, 8 in., May, 
Asia Minor; coccinea, red, May, 8 in.; Elwesii, green and brown, May, 1 ft.; 
Imperialis (Crown parents yellow, May, 2 to 3 ft., Orient, and its varieties 
aurora (orange), lutea (yellow), rubra (red), and aureo-marginata (leaves edged 
yellow); latifolia, red, etc., May, 1 ft., Caucasus; libanotica, lilac and yellow, 
May, 18 in., Syria; Meleagris (Snake’s Head), purple, yellow and white, May, 
12 to 18 in., Europe (Britain); Meleagris alba, white; pallidiflora, yellow, rose and 
purple, May, 9 in., Siberia; persica, violet blue, May, 2 ft., Asia Minor; pudica, 
golden yellow, April, 6 in., N.W. America; recurva, orange-scarlet, May, 2 ft., 
California; ruthenica, black, May, 1 ft., Caucasus. 
Fritillary (Fritillaria meleagris)—See Fritillaria. 
Frog-bit (Hydrocharis Morsus-ranz).—See Hydrocharis. 
Frog Orchis (Habenaria viridis)—See Habenaria. 
Fuchsia (Ear Drops; Lady’s Ear Drops). — Ord. Onagrareex. 
Greenhouse & hardy flowering shrubs. Deciduous. First introduced 
1788. 
CULTURE OF GREENHOUSE SPECIES: Compost, two parts good 
fibrous loam, one part well-decayed manure & leaf-mould, with liberal 
quantity of silver or river sand. Position, shady per of greenhouse 
or window March to July; sunny place outdoors July to Oct.; cool 
dry part of greenhouse or room remainder of year. Pot old plants in 
Feb. or March, young ones when needed. Prune old plants in Feb. 
Water moderately March to May, freely May to Oct., very little at 
other times. Temp., Oct. to Feb. 40° to 45°; Feb. to Oct. 55° to 65°. 
Apply liquid or artificial manure to healthy plants showing flower. 
Pinch out points of shoots frequently in spring & early summer to 
induce bushy growth. When repotting old plants, remove soil from 
roots & place In small pots till growth begins, then shift into larger 
size. Syringe foliage Feb. to May. ; : 
SUMMER CULTURE IN BEDS: Plant out in June. Lift, pot & 
store plants in greenhouse in Sept. ; : : ; 
CULTURE OF HARDY SPECIES: Soil, ordinary, deep rich. Posi- 
tion, well drained borders, base of south or west walls, or in- sheltered 
position in the open S. of England. Plant, Oct. or April. Prune 
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