ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GARDENING. 
April. Water freely March to Oct., moderately afterwards. Temp., 
farch to Oct, 55° to 65°; Oct. to March 45° to 55°. Stand plants in 
sunny place outdoors June to Sept. 
CULTURE OF HARDY SPECIES: Compost, equal parts loam, leaf- 
mould, & peat. Position, well-drained bed or border, with shoots 
trained against S. wall. Plant, Oct. to Feb. Prune moderately after 
flowering, removing thcse shoots only that have flowered. Propagate 
by seeds sown } in. deep in well-drained pots of sandy soil in temp. 
75° to 85° in Feb. or March; cuttings of firm young shoots 2 to 3 in. 
long inserted in pots of sandy peat under bell-glass in temp. 65° to 75° 
May to Sept. 
STOVE SPECIES: I. tinctoria (Indigo), red, summer, 4 to 6 ft., Tropics. 
CESEABOURE SPECIES: I. australis, rose, spring, 4 ft., Australia; australis 
a > 6 i 
HARDY SPEOIES: I. gerardiana, red, summer, 6 ft., Himalayas. 
Indigo-plant (Baptisia tinctoria)—See Baptisia. 
Intermediate Stock (Matthiola annua).—See Matthiola. 
Inula (Flea-bane; Elecampane).—-Ord- Composit. Hardy herba- 
ceous perennials. 
CULTURE: Soil, ordinary rich. Position, moist sunny beds or bor- 
ders. Plant, Oct., Nov., March, or April. Cut down flower stems in 
Oct. 'Top-dress with well-decayed manure in April. Propagate by 
seeds sown 1-16in, deep in partially shady border outdoors in April; 
division of roots, Oct. or March. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: I. ensifolia, yellow, Aug., 10 in., 8. Europe; glandulosa, 
yellow, Aug., 2 ft., Caucasus; grandiflora, yellow, July to Sept., 2 ft., Himalayas; 
Helenium (Elecampane), yellow, July to Sept., 3 ft., Europe; Hookeri, yellow, 
Aug. and Sept., 2 ft., Himalayas; Oculus-Christi (Ohrist’s Eye), yellow, summer, 
18 in., Europe. 
lonopsidium (Carpet-plant; Violet-flowered Cress)—Ord. Cru- 
cifere. Hardy annual. First introduced 1845. 
OUTDOOR CULTURE: Soil, ordinary. Position, ledges of rockeries 
or as edgings to flower beds. Sow seeds where plants are to grow in 
April, just covering with fine mould. 
POT CULTURE: Compost, equal parts loam, lcaf-mould, & sand. 
Position, shady window, cold frame, or greenhouse. Sow seeds 1-16 in. 
deep in 5 in. pot well drained & filled with above compost, in April or 
Sept. Thin seedlings to 1 in. apart. Water moderately. Apply liquid 
manure occasionally when flower buds show. 
SPECIES OULTIVATED: I. acaule, lilac, white, and violet, summer, 3 in., 
Portugal. 
lonopsis.—Ord. Orchidacex. Stove epiphytal orchid. First in- 
troduced 1865. 
CULTURE: Compost, sphagnum moss. Position, attached to blocks 
of wood suspended from roof; or in shallow pans. Re-block, Feb, or 
March. Water freely March to Sept., moderately other times. Syringe 
twice daily Feb. to Oct. Temp., Oct. to Feb. 50° to 55°; Feb. to Oct. 
60° to 70°. Propagate by division of plants at re-blocking time. 
oo CULTIVATED: I. paniculata, white, purple, and yellow, winter, 6 in., 
razil. 
Ipomezea (American Bell-bind ; Moon Creeper; Morning Glory).— 
Ord. Convolvulaces. Stove, greenhouse & hardy perennial & annual 
climbers. First introduced 1597. 
CULTURE OF STOVE SPECIES: Compost, equal parts fibrous loam, 
leaf-mould, decayed manure, & silver sand. Position, pots, beds, or 
borders in stove; shoots trained up roof, or on trellises. Pot or plant, 
Feb., March, or April. Temp., March to Sept. 65° to 75°; Sept. to 
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