ENCYCLOP#DIA OF GARDENING. 
Orn. foliage. First introduced 1759. Foliage finely divided like that 
of maidenhair fern. 
CULTURE: Soil, ordinary. Position, sunny or shady rockery, bed 
or border. Plant, Oct. or March. Propagate by seeds sown 1-16 in. 
ae outdoors in April or May; division of roots in Oct. or Nov. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: I. thalictroides, white, spring, 8 in., Europe. 
Italian Alkanet (Anchusa italica)—See Anchusa. 
Italian Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens).—See Cupressus. 
Italian Pimpernel (Anagallis Monelli).—See Anagallis. 
Italian Starwort (Aster Amellus).—See Aster. 
ia callan Stone Pine-tree (Pinus Laricio palassiana).—See 
inus. 
Italian Yellow Jasmine (Jasminum humile)—See Jasmi- 
num, 
Itea (Virginian Willow).—Ord. Saxifragacew. Hardy deciduous 
shrub. Orn. foliage & flowering. First introduced 1744, 
CULTURE: Soil, peaty. Position, moist sheltered shrubberies. 
Plant, Oct. to Feb. Prune moderately after flowering. Propagate by 
seeds sown 4 in, deep in sandy soil outdoors in April; suckers removed 
in Oct. or Nov.; layering shoots in July or Aug. 
SPECIES OULTIVATED: I. virginica, white, July, 4 to 6 ft., N. America, 
Ivory Thistle (Silybum eburneum).—See Silybum. 
Ivy (Hedera helix).—_See Hedera. 
iva teaver Campanula (Campanula hederacea).—See Cam- 
anula. 
ivy-leaved Cypress-vine (Ipomza hederacea coccinea).—See 
Ipomea, 
Pivy-leaved Fern (Hemionites cordata).—See Hemionites, 
Ivy-leaved Groundsel (Senecio macroglossus).—See Senecio. 
Ivy-leaved Harebell (Campanula hederacea).—See Campa- 
nula. 
Ivy-leaved Pelargonium (P. peltatum).—See Pelargonium. 
ivy-leaved Toad-flax (Linaria cymbalaria).—See Linaria. 
Ivy Saxifrage (Saxifraga cymbalaria).—See Saxifraga. 
Ixia (African Corn Lily).—Ord. Iridacew. Half-hardy bulbous 
plants. Nat. 8. Africa. First introduced 1744. Flowers fragrant. 
OUTDOOR CULTURE: Soil, light rich sandy. Position, sunny well- 
drained border. Plant, Sept. to Jan., placing bulbs 4 in. deep & 2 in. 
apart. Lift & replant bulbs annually. Mulch surface of bed in March 
with cow manure. 
POT CULTURE: Compost, two parts sandy loam, one part leaf- 
mould or decayed cow manure. Pots, 44 in. in diameter, well drained. 
Place five bulbs, 3 in. deep, in each pot in Nov., & cover with cocoanut- 
fibre refuse in cold frame or under cool greenhouse stage until flowers 
fade, then gradually cease, keeping bulbs dry till Jan. Temp., Sept. 
to March 40° to 50°; other times 50° to . Propagate by offsets 
treated as advised for bulbs. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: I. flexuosa, pink, spring, 1 ft.; maculata, brown and 
white, spring, 1 ft.; paniculata, yellow and white, summer, 1 ft.; patens, purple, 
spring, 1 ft.; speciosa (Syn. Penta ieee) purple and crimson, summer, 1 ft. 
viridiflora, green, spring, 1 ft. See trade lists for numerous varieties. 
Ixia Lily (Ixiolirion tartaricum).—See Ixiolirion, 
Ixiolirion (Ixia Lily)—Ord, Amaryllidacee. Half-hardy bulbous 
plants. First introduced 1844. 
CULTURE: Soil, light sandy loam. Position, well-drained sunny 
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