ENCYCLOPHDIA OF GARDENING. 
Jaundice-berry (Berberis vulgaris).—See Berberis. 
Javanese Rhododendron (Rhododendron javanicum). — 
See Rhododendron. 
Java Primrose (Primula imperialis)—See Primula. 
Jeffersonia (Twin-leaf)—Ord. Berberidacex. Hardy perennial 
herb. First introduced 1792. 
CULTURE: Soil, peaty. Position, shady edges of rockery or borders. 
Plant, Oct., March or April. Propagate by seeds sown 1-16 in. deep in 
sandy soil in cold frame J uN, to Sept.; division of roots Oct. or March. 
a BI KOIES OULTIVATED: J. binnata (Syn. diphylla), white, spring, 6 in., N. 
1ca. 
eet Neaiom Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus)—See Helian- 
us. 
Jerusalem Cherry (Solanum Pseudo-capsicum).—See Sola- 
num. 
Jerusalem Cowslip (Pulmonaria officinalis).—See Pulmo- 
naria, 
Jerusalem Cross (Lychuis chalcedonica).—See Lychnis. 
Jerusalem Sage (Phlomis fruticosus).—See Phlomis. 
Jessamine (Jasminum officinalis)—See Jasminum. 
Jesuit’s Nut (Trapa natans).—See Trapa. 
Jew-bush (Pedilanthus tithymaloides).—See Pedilanthus. 
Jew’s Mallow (Kerria japonica).—See Kerria. 
Job’s Tears (Cox leche) ee Coix. 
Jonquil (Narcissus jonquilla).—See Narcissus. 
Judas-tree ee siliquastrum).—See Cercis. : 
Juglans (Walnut-tree; Butter-nut)—Ord. Juglandacee. Hardy 
deciduous nut-hearing & orn. foliage trees. Walnut introduced in 1592. 
CULTURE OF WALNUT: Soil, sandy & calcareous, or stiff loams on 
gravelly subsoil. Position, 8. or 5-W., open, not shaded by trees or 
buildings. Plant, Oct. or Nov., placing roots 3 to 4 in. below surface 
of ground previously deeply trenched. Pruning unnecessary. Apply 
liquid manure to established trees from June to Oct., or 11b. of super- 
phosphate of lime to the square rod in June. Gather nuts for pickling 
before shell gets too hard. Ripe nuts place in thin layers in dry posi- 
tion till husks fall off, then pack in alternate layers with sand in 
barrels, casks, or jars sprinkled with salt. Grafted or budded trees 
bear earlier than seedlings. Culture of other species, same as above. 
USEFUL DATA: Juglans regia & nigra good for town gardens. 
Timber used for making gun stocks, furniture & veneering. Value of 
timber, 1s. to 28. 6d. per cubic foot. One bushel of nuts will yield 
5,000 seedlings. Average life of a walnut tree, 300 years. Average 
weight of timber per cubic foot, 47 Ib. pe tats 
Propagate by seed (nuts) sown 2 in. deep in light soil outdoors in 
Nov., transplanting seedlings following Oct.; budding in Aug.; grafv 
in March. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: J. cinerea (Butter-nut), 30 ft., N. America; nigra 
(Black Walnut), 30 ft., N. America; regia (Walnut), 50 ft., Caucasus to Himalayas. 
June-berry (Amelanchier canadensis)—See Amelanchier. 
Juniper (Juniperus communis).—See Juniperus. 
Juniperus (Juniper; Salat pee Conifere. Hardy evergreen 
coniferous trees. Habit, pyramidal or bushy. Leaves, needle-shaped, 
narrow, scale-like, green or variegated. 
CULTURE: Soil, good ordinary. Position, open, well-drained shrub- 
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