ENCYCLOPHDIA OF GARDENING. 
Water moderately, Oct. to April; freely afterwards. Apply weak 
stimulants once or twice weekly during flowering period. Syringe 
foliage twice daily, March to Sept. Temp., Sept. to March 50° to 60°; 
March to June 60° to 70°. Propagate by cuttings of young shoots lin. 
to 2in. long, inserted in well-drained pots filled with sandy soil in 
temp. 75° to 85°, Feb. to May. : 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: L. floribunda (properly Jacobinia pauociflora), yellow, 
winter, 2 ft., Brazil; penrhosiensis, crimson, winter, 2 ft., hybrid. 
Licuala.—Ord, Palmacew. Stove palms. Orn. foliage. First 
introduced 1802. Leaves, fan-shaped, green. 
CULTURE: Compost, two parts peat & one of loam & sand. Posi- 
tion, well-drained pots in light part of stove. Pot, Feb. to April. 
Water moderately, Oct. to March; freely afterwards. Syringe twice 
daily, March to Sept.; once daily, Sept. to March. Temp., March to 
Sept. 65° to 75°; Sept. to March 55° to 65°. Propagate by seeds sown 
4 in. deep in Hens rich soil in temp. 80° to 90°, Feb., March, or April. 
SPECIES OULTIVATED: L. grandis, 10 ft., New Britain; Veitchii, 6 to 8 ft. 
Ligularia.—See Senecio. 
Ligurian Bell-flower (Campanula isophylla). — See Cam- 
panula, 
Ligustrum (Privet).—Ord. Oleacez. Hardy deciduous & ever- 
green shrubs. Orn. foliage & flowering. Flowers, white, borne in 
terminal pantaless fragrant. Berries round, shining, black or yellow. 
Desves oblong, oval, & pointed, green, or variegated with white or 
yellow. 
CULTURE: Soil, loam or good ordinary. Position, common species 
in shrubberies, under shade of trees, in open or as hedges; others in 
open shrubberies. Plant, deciduous kinds, Oct. to Feb.; evergreen 
pads Oct. to April. Prune deciduous kinds in autumn, evergreens in 
April. 
FIEDGE CULTURE: Soil, ordinary, trenched two spits deep & 3 ft. 
wide. Plant, privet (1 to 3ft. high) 6 to 9in. apart, Oct. to April. 
Trim into shape, June & July. Cost of plants per 100, 58. Cost of 
planting & preparing the soil per lineal yard, 9d. Privet and hawthorn 
planted alternately, makes a splendid hedge. Varieties suitable, Com- 
mon Privet (L. vulgare), Oval-leaved Privet (L. ovalifolium), and 
Golden Privet (Ovalifolium aureum). Also suitable shrubs for growing 
in town gardens. Propagate by seeds (berries) sown lin. deep in open 
ground in Nov., transplanting largest seedlings the following Oct., 
the remainder next year; cuttings of young shoots 2 to 4in. long, in- 
serted in a shady position outdoors or under a hand-light, in summer; 
also cuttings of firm shoots 8 to 12in. long, inserted in shady position 
mm ordinary soil outdoors, Sept. to Nov.; layering shoots in Sept. or 
ct. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: L. Ibota (Syn. amurensis), 3 ft., Japan; japonicum, 
6 to 8 ft., evergreen, Japan; japonicum coriaceum, evergreen, 8 to 4 ft., Japan; 
lucidum, 8 to 12 ft., evergreen, China; lucidum tricolor, variegated; ovalifolium 
(Oval-leaved Priyet), 6 to 8 ft., Syery reer Japan; ovalifolium variegatum, leaves 
blotched with yellow or white; ovalifolium aureum (Golden Privet), golden leaved, 
much used for window boxes and hedges sinense, 10 to 20 ft., evergreen, China; 
sinenso variegatum, leaves variegated; vulgare (Common Privet), 6 to 10 ft., 
Britain, deciduous. 
Lilac (Syringa vulgaris) —See Syringa. 
Lilium (Lily)—Ord. Liliacew. Hardy and half-hardy bulbous 
flowering plants. First introduced 1596. 
CLASSIFICATION OF LILIUMS: Erect, cup-shaped flowers (Isoli- 
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