ENCYCLOPHDIA OF GARDENING. 
ders. Plant, Oct, or Nov. Prune straggly shoots into shape, March 
or April. Protect in severe weather with covering of bracken, straw 
or leaves. 
CULTURE OF L. GRANDIFLORUM IN POTS: Soil, two parts good 
mould, one part decayed manure & sand. Sow seeds 1-16 in. deep in 
April in 6 in. pots, filled with above compost to within 4 in. of rim. 
Place pots in cold frame or shady window till seedlings appear, then 
remove to full light. Water moderately at first, freely afterwards. 
Apply weak stimulants when in flower. Support shoots by inserting 
small twiggy branches between them. Sow again in July, plunging 
ots to rim in garden soil, and keep well supplied with water to flower 
in autumn. Propagate perennial species by seeds sown 4 in. deep out- 
doors in April, also by division in March or April; shrubby species by 
cuttings of young shoots inserted in sandy soil under bell-glass outdoors 
in summer. : 
FIELD CULTURE OF FLAX: Soil, deep, well-tilled loam. Rota- 
tion, follow potatoes or cereals; requires an interval of nine years be- 
tween successive crops. Manures: Farmyard ploughed in previous 
autumn. Time of sowing, end of March or early in April. Seed re- 
uired to sow an acre, two bushels. Distance apart for drills, 8 in. 
Harvest when the stems turn yellow. Pull up by hand, and let crop 
lie on ground for a few days. Average yield of seed per acre, 16 to 
20 bushels. Average yield of fibre per acre, 4 cwt. Average yield of 
straw per acre, 2tons. Weight of seed per bushel, 52 to 56 lb. 
ANNUAL SPEOIES: L, grandiflorum, rose, summer, 1 ft., Algeria, and its varie- 
ties, coccineum (scarlet), splendens, rose, and rubrum, red; usitatissimum (Common 
Flax), blue, June, 18 in., Europe. 
PERENNIAL SPECIES: L. alpinum, blue, summer, 6 in., Europe; flavum, yellow, 
summer, 18 in., Austria; narbonense, blue, May to July, 2 ft., 8. Europe; perenne, 
blue or white, summer, 18 in., Britain. 
SHRUBBY SPECIES: L. arboreum, yellow, June, 1 ft., Crete; monogynum, 
candidissimum, white, summer, 1 ft., New Zealand. 
Lion’s-ear (Leonotis Leonurus).—See Leonotis. 
Lion’s-foot (Leontopodium alpinum).—See Leontopodium. 
Lion’s-leaf lial Leontopetalum).—See Leontice. 
Lion’s-tail (Leonotis leonurus).—See Leonotis. 
Lion’s-turnip (Leontice Albertii).—See Leontice. 
Lip Fern (Cheilanthes californica).—See Cheilanthes. 
Lippia (Sweet-scented Verbena; Herb Louisa).—Ord. Verben- 
ace, Greenhouse deciduous shrub. Fragrant foliage. Introduced 
1781. 
CULTURE: Compost, two parts loam, one leaf-mould & sand. Posi- 
tion, pots in windows or greenhouses; beds outdoors against south 
walls 8. England & Ireland. Pot or plant March. Water freely March 
to Sept., little afterwards. Prune shoots Feb. to within an inch of base. 
Temp., 45° to 50° in winter; 50° to 55° other times. Propagate by 
cuttings pulled off stem when 4 in. long & inserted in sandy soil under 
bell-glass, temp. 65°, March. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: L. citriodora (Syn. Aloysia citriod i 
2 to 5 ft., S. America. (Sy y tiodora), lilac, Aug., 
Liquidambar (Sweet Gum-tree). — Ord. Hamamelidaces. 
Hardy deciduous trees. Orn. foliage. First introduced 1681. Flowers 
greenish yellow, inconspicuous; spring. Leaves, hand-shaped, downy, 
very fragrant. 
CULTURE: Soil, deep moist loam. Position, sheltered in shrub- 
beries or on lawns. Plant, Oct. to Dec. Prune into shape when neces- 
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