ENOYCLOPHDIA OF GARDENING. 
quired to grow; in April for flowering in summer; Sept. for flowering 
in spring. Thin seedlings to 1 or 2in. apart when 4 in. high. . 
CULTURE OF PERENNIAL SPECIES: Soil, deep sandy loam. Posi- 
tion, sunny borders for tall species as P, orientalis; rockeries for dwarf 
species as P. alpinum & P. nudicaule. Plant, Oct., March or April. 
‘op-dress with decayed manure in March or April. P. nudicaule best 
raised from seeds annually. Propagate annual species by seeds as 
above; perennial species by seeds sown in sunny place outdoors in 
March or foal ; division of roots in March or April, 
ANNUAL SPECIES.—P. arenarium, crimson and black, summer, 9 in., Caucasus; 
glaucum (Tulip Poppy), crimson, summer, 18 in., Syria; levigatum, scarlet, black 
and white, summer, 2 ft., Greece; pavoninium (Peacock Poppy), scarlet and black, 
18 in., Afghanistan; Rheas (Corn or Shirley Poppy), various colours, 18 in., 
Britain; somniferum (Opium Poppy), various colours, summer, 3 ft., China. 
PERENNIAL SPECIES: P. nudicaule (Iceland Poppy), yellow, orange and white, 
summer, 1 ft., Arctic Regions; alpinum (Alpine Poppy), yellow, orange, salmon, 
and white, summer, 6 in., Europe; orientale (Oriental Poppy), orange-scarlet, June, 
3 ft., Asia Minor; pilosum, orange, summer, 2 ft., Greece; rupifragum (Spanish 
Poppy), terracotta, summer, 2 ft., Spain; rupiorens, cerise-scarlet, summer, 2 ft., 
hybrid. Alpinum and nudicaule best grown as biennials. 
Paper Birch (Betula papyrifera)—See Betula. 
Paper Mulberry Goren Gs papyrifera)—See Brousso- 
nettia. 
Pappoose-root (Caulophyllum thalictrioides).—See Caulophyl- 
lum. 
Paradisea (St. Bruno’s Lily).—Ord. Liliacew. Hardy herba- 
ceous perennials. 
CULTURE: Soil, ordinary well enriched with leaf-mould and de- 
cayed manure. Position, partially shady borders. Plant, Oct. or 
March. Increased by division of roots in Oct. or March; seeds sown 
in cold frame or Preenhatse in spring. 
SPECIES OULTIVATED: P. Liliastrum, white, fragrant, May and June, 1 to 
2 ft., Alps; Liliastrum major, 4 to 5 ft., larger flowers than the parent. Formerly 
known as Anthericum Liliastrum. 
Paradise Apple cou malus precox).—See Pyrus. 
Paraguay Tea (Ilex paraguayensis).—See Ilex. 
Parasol Fig-tree (Sciadopitys verticillata)—See Sciadopitys. 
_Parchment Bark (Pittosporium crassifolium).—See Pittospo- 
rium. 
Pardanthus.—See Belamacanda. 
Paris hae Paris).—Ord. Liliacew. Hardy perennial herbs. 
CULTURE: Soil, sandy loam. Position, shady borders, woods, or 
shrubberies. Plant, Oct. to March. Propagate by seeds sown in 
moist pemitiog outdoors in autumn; division of roots, Oct. or March. 
SPEOIES OULTIVATED: P. quadrifolia (Herb Paris), green and yellow, summer, 
6 in., Britain. 
Paris Daisy (Chrysanthemum frutescens).—See Chrysanthemum. 
Parkinson’s Chequered Meadow-Saffron (Colchi- 
cum Parkinsoni)—See Colchicum.. 
Parlour Ivy (Mikania scandens).—See Mikania. 
Parlour Palm (Aspidistra lurida)—See Aspidistra. 
Parnassia (Grass of Parnassus).—Ord. Saxifragacee. Hardy 
perennial herbs. _ 
CULTURE: Soil, peaty or boggy. Position, moist shady borders, 
bogs or margins of streams or ponds. Plant, Oct., Nov., March or 
April, Propagate by seeds sown in moist boggy peat in shady position 
outdoors in autumn or spring; division of roots in March or April. 
308 
