ENCYCLOPHDIA OF GARDENING. 
in drills 6 ft. asunder; in double rows 9in. apart & 8 ft, asunder; in 
trenches 9in. wide, 12in. deep, containing 3in. manure & 6 in. soil, 
seeds being dibbled 2in. deep, 4in. apart in two rows 6 in, asunder. 
Support plants with long stakes, or trellises, or strands of twine when 
Gin. high, or nip off point of main shoot when 2 ft. high, and subsequent 
shoots when 6 in. long to ensure dwarf habit. Mould up those sown in 
drills. Mulch with manure. Water freely in dry weather, otherwise 
flowers will fall off. Apply stimulants freely when pods form. Suit- 
able artificial manures: (1) 31b. salt; 14 1b. each of nitrate of soda & 
superphosphate; 1lb. kainit, half this to be applied to a square rod 
before sowing, remainder in June. (2) 2lb. kainit; 51b. nitrate of 
soda; 9lb. superphosphate; 11b. sulphate of iron per square rod, to 
be applied when the eae are 3in, high. Liquid manures: } oz. 
nitrate of soda to a gallon; loz. guano to a gallon; one-third horse or 
cow manure diluted with two-thirds water, to be applied when pods 
form. Quantity of seed required for a row 50 ft. long: 4 pint of kidney 
beans; 1 pint of runner beans. Seeds retain their vegetative powers 
for three years, and germinate in 10 to 12 days. French beans reach 
maturity 14 weeks after sowing, and runner beans 16 weeks afterwards. 
Market Cutture: Soil, light, rich loam, deeply dug or ploughed 
and well manured the previous autumn. Position, sheltered fields. 
Sow kidney beans in April & May, 2in. deep and 6in. apart in rows 
24 ft, asunder; runner beans in May, 3 in. deep, 6in. apart, in rows 
31 ft. asunder if to be grown dwarf; 5 ft. apart if to be staked. Quan- 
tity of seed to sow an acre: ztdney beans, 1 peck; runner beans, 3 
bushels at 3}ft., 2 bushels at 5 ft. anures (per acre): 30 tous of farm- 
yard manure ploughed in in autumn; or 10 cwt. basic slag applied in 
autumn, 5cwt, superphosphate applied in March, and lcwt. nitrate 
of soda four weeks after sowing seeds. Average yield per acre: 300 
bushels (40 1b.) Average returns per acre, £30 to £40. Average price 
for picking per bushel, 5d. to 6d. 
STOVE SPECIES: P. caracella (Snail Flower), lilac, summer, climbing perennial, 
India. 
HARDY SPECIES: P. multiflorus (Scarlet Runner Bean), scarlet and white, sum- 
mer, 8 to 12 ft., Mexico, perennial; vulgaris (Kidney, French, and Haricot Bean), 
white and lilac, summer, 2 to 3 ft., S. America, annual. : 
Pheasant’s-eye (Adonis autumnalis).—See Adonis. 
Pheasant’s-eye Narcissus (Narcissus pocticus).—See Nar- 
cissus. 
Pheasant’s eye Pink (Dianthus plumarius annulatus).—See 
Dianthus. 
Pheasant’s-tail Grass (Apera arundinacea),—See Apera. 
Phegopteris.—See Polypodium. 
Philadelphus (8yringa; Mock-orange). — Ord. Saxifragacez. 
Hardy deciduous flowering shrubs. First introduced 1596. 
CULTURE: Soil, ordinary good. Position, sunny borders or fore- 
courts. Plant, Oct. to Feb. Prune immediately after flowering, 
thinning out shoots that have bloomed only. Apply soap suds or liquid 
mauure occasionally to old-established shrubs in summer, 
POT CULTURE: Compost, two parts sandy loam, one part leaf- 
mould, & sand. .Repot annually after flowering. Position, cold 
greenhouse, Dec. to May, or warm greenhouse, Dec. to April; outdoors 
afterwards in sunny spot; pots plunged to rim in coal ashes or soil. 
Water moderately indoors, freely outside. Propagate by cuttings of 
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