BNCYOLOPHDIA OF GARDENING. 
ANNUAL SPECIES: P. Drummondii, various volours, summer, 1 ft., Texas; 
and its varieties cuspidata (pointed petals), fimbriata (fringed petals), flore pleno 
(double), grandiflora (large flowered), and nana (dwarf). 
Phoenix (Date Palm).—Ord. Palmacew. Stove palms. Orna- 
mental foliage. First introduced 1597. Leaves, feather-shaped, 
reen. 
CULTURE: Compost, three parts good fibrous loam, one part old 
cow manure, & a lttle coarse sand. Position, well-drained pots or 
tubs in sunny part of stove. Pot, Feb. or March. Water moderately, 
Oct. to March; copiously, March to Oct. Syringe foliage morning & 
evening daily, April to Sept.; morning only, Sept. to April. Apply 
weak stimulants occasionally, May to Sept. Place a lump of sulphate 
of iron on surface of soil occasionally to keep foliage of a rich, healthy 
green hue. . Temp., March to Sept. 65° to 75°; Sept. to March 55° to 
65°. Propagate by seeds sown 1 in. deep in light sandy soil under bell- 
lass or in propagator in temp. 75°; March or April. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: P. acaulis, 8 to 12 ft., India; canariensis, 6 to 10 ft., 
Canary Isles; dactylifera (Date Palm), 80 to 100 ft., N. Africa; humilis, 3 to 6 ft., 
India; reclinata, 40 to 50ft., S. Africa; rupicola, 15 to 20 ft., Himalayas; sylvestris, 
30 to 40 ft., India. i 
Phormium (Common Flax Lily; New Zealand Flax). — Ord. 
Liliaceew. Half-hardy evergreen perennial herbs. First introduced 
1798. Leaves, green or variegated with purple, yellow, or white. 
INDOOR CULTURE: Compost, two parts turfy loam, one part each 
of leaf-mould & sand. Position, pots, tubs, or beds in cold or warm 
greenhouse, conservatory, balcony, or dwelling-room. Pot, Feb. to 
April. _ Water copiously, April to Oct., moderately afterwards. May 
be stood outdoors in sunny position, June to Sept. 
OUTDOOR CULTURE: Soil, light, deep loam. Position, margins 
of ponds or streams, isolated specimens on lawus, or in beds or borders 
8S. & 8.W. of England & Ireland only. In other districts plants must 
be put out in May, lifted in Oct., and stored in greenhouse until fol- 
lowing May. Plant permanently in April or May. Water freely in 
dry weather. Protect those left outdoors all winter with straw or 
dried fern. Propagate by seeds sown } in. deep in pots of sandy soil in 
-greenhouse or frame in March; by division of roots in April. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: P. cookianum (Syn. P. Colensoi), yellow and green, 
summer, 4 to 6 ft., New Zealand; Hookeri, green, summer, 5 ft., New Zealand; 
tenax, yellow, summer, 4 to 6 ft., New Zealand; and its varieties purpureum 
(leaves purple), variegatum (leaves yellow, green, and white), and Veitchii (leaves 
creamy white). 
Photinia (Chinese Hawthorn; Californian May Bush). — Ord. 
Rosacew. Half-hardy evergreen flowering shrubs. 
INDOOR CULTURE: Soil, two parts sandy loam, one part leaf- 
mould. Position, beds against back wall of cold or slightly heated 
sunny greenhouse. Plant, Oct. or April. Water moderately, Sept. to 
April, freely afterwards. Syringe daily, May to Sept. Prune 
straggling shoots in April. Propagate by seeds sown } in. deep in pots 
of light soil in cold greenhouse or frame, spring or autumn; cuttings 
of firm shoots inserted in sandy soil in cold frame or greenhouse, Aug. ; 
layering in Oct.; grafting on common quince in March; budding on 
hawthorn in July. 
OUTDOOR CULTURE: Soil, light deep loam. Position, against 
south walls S. & S.W. of England & Ireland only. Plant, Sept. to 
Nov., April, or May. Prune, April. Protect in severe weather with 
mats or straw hurdles. 
325 
