ENCYCLOPHDIA OF GARDENING. 
in frame, shade from sun, water moderately, & sprinkle foliage as 
before. Apply liquid soot & cow or sheep manure—1 bushel of latter 
& 1 peck of former to 36 gallons of water—diluted with two-thirds water 
twice a week when well rooted. Water freely. Remove to temp. 50° 
to 55° in Sept. Admit air freely on fine days. Nip off first truss 
of bloom if not required to flower before Nov. Temp. for flowering 50° 
to 55°. When potting, allow base of leaves to just touch the compost. 
Pot moderately firm. Suitable artificial manures: }0z. each sulphate 
of ammonia & kainit to 2 gall. of water. To be applied twice a week 
to plants established in flowering pots. Single-flowered kinds. best 
raised from seed annually, rejecting old plants after flowering. Sow 
in June for spring flowering. Double varieties require to be propa- 
gated annually by cuttings inserted singly in small pots filled with 
equal parts leaf-mould, loam, & sand, placed in temp. 65° to 70°, after 
flowering; or by division of plants in April. Culture same as advised 
for seedlings. Temp. for flowering 55° to 60°. Semi-double varieties 
raised from seed as advised for singles. 
CULTURE OF P. OBCONICA: Compost & mode of raising from seed 
and general treatment same as advised for P. sinensis. Temp. for 
flowering 45° to 55°. Top-dress old plants with decayed cow manure 
in Feb. to promote spring flowering. Repot old plants in March to 
flower in summer. Old plants may also be divided in March. 
CULTURE OF PRIMROSE: Hardy herbaceous perennial. Soil, 
ordinary rich moist. Position, partially or wholly shaded beds & 
borders. Plant, Oct., Nov., Feb. & March. Mulch surface of beds 
containing choice sorts with decayed manure in Feb, Lift those grown 
in flower beds directly after flowering, divide & replant 6 in. apart each 
way in shady border until Oct., then replant in beds. Pot culture, as 
advised for Polyanthus. 
CULTURE OF POLYANTHUS: Hardy herbaceous perennial. Sup- 
posed to be a hybrid between the primrose and cowslip. Flowers, 
various; spring. CuassrricaTion: Gold-laced, having centre and edges 
of bloom golden; Fancy, blooms of various hues; Hose-in-Hose, semi- 
double, one bloom growing out of another; Jack-in-the-Green, bloom 
surrounded by a collar-like calyx; Pantaloons, small, curiously-coloured 
blooms. Properties of Gold-laced Polyanthus: Pip (bloom) perfectly 
fiat and round, slightly scalloped on edge, and divided into five or six 
lobes or segments; Tube or throat, thrum-eyed, that is, not showing 
the pistil; Edging and centre of lobes or florets to be even in width, 
and of same shade of sulphur, lemon or yellow as the eyes, and one 
shade of yellow only in centre; Ground or body colour, black or red; 
Flower-stem, stiff, strong, erect. Ourpcor CuLturE: Same as for 
Primrose. Por CutrurE: Compost, two parts good yellow fibrous 
loam, one part of equal proportions of thoroughly decayed manure, 
leaf-mould & silver sand. Potin Aug. Place in shady cold frame in 
a north aspect after potting until Oct., then transfer to frame in 
south aspect. Give just enough water to keep soil moist between 
Aug. & March, afterwards water freely. Admit air freely always, 
except in severe weather. Top-dress in Feb. with compost of equal 
parts loam & decayed cow manure. " Apply weak stimulants once-a 
week March to July. Transfer to cold frame or greenhouse with north 
aspect when in flower. Repot annually. 
ROPAGATION: Miscellaneous species by seeds sown on surface of 
equal parts peat, leaf-mould, & loam in shallow pans or boxes in shady 
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