ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GARDENING. 
crowded shoots & cutting back those omitted in summer. Protect early 
cherries by nets or tiffany. Por Cutrurz: Plant in 10 or 12in. 
pots in Oct. Compost, two parts turfy loam, one part decayed 
manure. Place trees in sheltered position outdoors till Jan., then 
remove them to greenhouse or vinery. Temp., Jan. to March, 45° to 
60°; March to June 55° to 65°. - Water moderately. Ventilate 
moderately before & after flowering, freely when in flower. 
Margzr Currurs or Cumrrr: Soil, loam overlying chalk or gravel. 
Position, sheltered away from low valleys. Plant, autumn. Dis- 
tances for planting standards, 30ft.; bushes, 12ft. Number of 
trees per acre: Standards, 48; bushes, 302. Cost of trees per acre: 
Standards, £5; bushes, £15. Cost of planting per acre: Preparing 
sites, £7; manure, £5; planting and staking, 16s. to 203s.; total per 
acre—bushes, £27; standards, £16. Cost of cultivation per acre: 
Pruning, £1; gathering fruit, £9; annual manuring, £5. Average 
yield per acre, 4 tons. Average return per acre (gross), £100; net, 
£80 to £83. Manures (per acre), steamed bone-meal, 3 cwts.; sulphate 
of potash, licwt.; chloride of soda, $cwt.; sulphate of magnesia, 
Zewt.; sulphate of lime, 5 cwt., to be applied in Feb.; nitrate of soda, 
1jcwt., applied when fruit has set. 
CULTURE OF PLUM: Soil, shallow, moderately moist sandy loam, 
or good ordinary, intermixed freely with old mortar. Subsoil, gravelly 
or chalky. Position, open, sunny, sheltered gardens, orchards, walls, 
or fences. Plant, Nov. to Feb. Distance for planting: Standards, 
21 to 24 ft. each way; pyramids, 9 to 10ft.; fan-trained, 15 ft.; bush- 
trained, 6 to 9ft.; cordons, 18in. Distance from paths: Pyramids, 
5ft.; bush-trained, 2ft. Gin. Cost of single trees: Standards, 
2s. 6d. to 7s. 6d.; pyramids, 2s. 6d. to 5s.; fan-trained, 3s. 6d. to 
7s. 6d.; bush-trained, 2s. 6d. to 3s. 6d.; cordons, 1s. 6d. to 2s. 6d. 
Mode of bearing: On spurs formed at base of shoots of previous year’s 
growth, 4 on older branches. Prune, summer, July & Aug.; winter, 
Dec. to Feb. Simply thin out branches of standards, & keep centres 
open. Shorten leading shoots of pyramids & bushes at sixth leaf from 
base in July; remainder 2in. from their base, a week or so later. 
Shorten leading shoots of fan-trained trees in Dec.; also side or front 
shoots not required to forward new branches to within 2in. of base, 
July or Aug. Leading shoots of cordons to grow unpruned until full 
height is attained; side shoots to be shortened to within lin. of base, 
June or July. Thin fruit of greengages to 3in. apart; large kinds 
to 4 or Gin. apart, when size of hazel nut. Mulch newly-planted trees 
with thick layer of cow manure. Root-prune vigorous & unfruitful 
trees in Sept. Lift, root-prune, & repot pyramids, bush, & cordon 
trees every third year. Chemical manures: Kainit (sulphate of 
potash), 5 parts; (ry weight), magnesium sulphate, 2 parts; super- 
phosphate, 2 parts. Apply at rate of 7 lbs. per tree immediately after 
pruning to area of soil equal to circumference of branches, & 22 lbs. 
more in March, forking it in. Stocks used for budding and grafting: 
Mussle for standards & pyramids; common plum for dwarfs. 
Marxer Curture oF Prum: Soil, sandy loam overlying chalk or 
clay. Position, sheltered. Plant, autumn. Distances to plant: 
Standards, 20ft.; dwarfs, 12ft. Trees per acre: Standards, 108; 
dwarfs, 302. Cost of trees per acre: Standards, £7; dwarfs, £15. 
Cost of planting per acre: Preparing sites, £7; manures, £5; plant- 
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