ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GARDENING. 
vigour. Teas & Noisettes: Thin out weak shoots freely, & shorten 
remaining ones to a foot or so, according to strength. 
CULTURE OF CLIMBING ROSES: Soil as advised for dwarfs. 
Position, against walls, fences, arbours, pergolas, arches, tree trunks, 
trellises, pillars, etc. Distance apart to plant, 5 to 6 ft. Plant in 
Oct. or Nov., or in March. Pruning: Rambler Type: Cut away old 
flowering shoots after blooming, & thin out dead or weakly growths 
in April; no further pruning required. Banksian type: Thin out the. 
strong young shoots only not required to add to size cf plant directly 
after flowering. Do not remove older or small shoots. Teas, 
Noisettes, Hybrid Teas, Singles, etc., grown as climbers, to have old 
flowering shoots thinned out after blooming, dead or weak growths 
removed in April, & the soft, unripened tips of shoots cut off at same 
time. Ayrshire, Boursault, & Evergreen types only require to have 
weak growths thinned out in March. 
CULTURE OF WEEPING ROSES: Soil & planting as advised for 
dwarfs. Distance to plant, 10ft. Pruning: Thin out weak & old 
growths in March, & remove soft, unripened ends of shoots only. 
MANURES FOR ROSES: Cow or pig dung for light soils; horse 
manure for heavy ones. Top-dress with above directly after pruning, 
& lightly fork in. Suitable artificial manures: (1) Superphosphate of 
lime, 48lb.; potash, 40]1b.; sulphate of magnesia, 8lb.; sulphate of 
iron, 41b.; sulphate of lime (gypsum), 321b.; total, 1321b. Mix 
thoroughly together, & apply at the rate of 41b. per square yard 
directly after pruning. One dose per annum sufficient. (2) Dissolve 
40z. superphosphate of lime; 40z. sulphate of ammonia; and 4 oz. sul- 
phate of iron in 2 gall. of water. Apply above quantity to each tree 
once a week from time buds form till flowers develop. Liquid soot- 
water, cow & sheep dung also good for roses outdoors or in pots. 
STOCKS FOR ROSES: For standards, the wild dog rose of the 
hedgerow; for dwarfs and climbers, the seedling & cutting wild dog 
rose, the Manetti, de la Griffere, & the Polyantha rose. Manetti & 
de la Griffere stocks generally do best on light soils, & the others on 
heavy ones. 
CULTURE OF ROSES IN POTS: Classes of roses suitable for pot 
culture.—Hybrid Perpetual, Hybrid Tea, Tea-scented, Polyantha, & 
Lawrenciana. Compost, two parts turfy loam, two parts decomposed 
cow or hotbed manure; one part of equal proportions of charred earth 
& sand. Pot, Oct. Repot annually in Aug. or Sept. Prune newly- 
lifted & potted plants in Nov., shortening shoots to 3, 2, & 1 “eyes,” 
according to size; established plants of Sted perpetuals, & Hybrid 
Teas to 6, 3, & 2 “eyes”; also tea-scented, Chinese, fairy, & poly- 
antha kinds to 8, 6, & 4 “eyes” in Nov. for early flowering; Dee. or 
Jan. for late flowering. Position, sheltered corner outdoors, with pots 
rotected from frost by straw, or in cold frame, Oct. to Jan.; green- 
ouse, Jan. to May; sunny place outdoors afterwards. Water mode- 
rately, Jan, to April; freely, April to Oct. _ Keep nearly dry, Oct. to 
Jan. Apply stimulants once or twice a week during flowering period. 
Syringe freely in greenhouse. Temp. for forcing, Jan., 40° by night 
45° by day; Feb., 45° at night & 55° by day; March & onwards, 55° 
by night & 60° to 65° by day. Plants for forcing require to be estab- 
lished in pots one year. 
CULTURE OF CLIMBERS IN GREENHOUSE: Compost, same as 
for pots. Beds or tubs for each plant, 18 in, deep & 2ft. wide. Each 
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