os ENCYCLOPHDIA Of GARDENING. 
two rows, thus: -.:.°.: Distance between rows: 18in. for varie- 
ties not exceeding 2{t. in height; 3 ft. for those not more than 4 ft. 
high; 6 to 8ft. for those growing 5 to 6ft. high. Sow earliest sorts 
on south border, Nov. & Jan., or in 4}in. pots in temp. 55° in Jan., 
hardening plants off when 3 in. high in cold trame & planting outdoors 
in Feb. or March; second early sorts in open garden in Feb. & March; 
main-crop, April & May; late crops, June & July. Draw mould up to 
each side of row when plants are Gin. high & place supports to them. 
Mulch to width of 151n. on each side of row with manure. Water 
copiously in dry weather. Nip off points of shoots of:tall kinds when 
4ft. high, & again when 5ft. high. Early ‘peas, seeds round, late 
ditto, wrinkled (marrowfats). Quantity of seed reqyired for a row 
50ft. long: 1 pint. Seeds retain their vegetative powers for 3 to 4 
years, and seeds germinate in 10 to 20 days. Crop reaches maturity 
in 18 to 24 weeks. Round-seeded sorts germinate more quickly than 
wrinkled kinds. Protect seeds from mice and birds by soaking them 
in paraffin oil for 4 hours before sowing. 
Marxer Cutture: Soil, deeply worked and _ well -manured, 
Manure and trench or plough deeply previous autumn. Position, 
sheltered for early crops. Manures: Basic slag, 8 to 10cwt. and 
kainit 2cwt. per acre, applied in autumn. When plants appear, apply 
3 cwt. superphosphate per’ acre, & a few weeks later lewt. nitrate of 
soda per acre. On poor soils apply 10 tons of farmyard manure per 
acre in autumn, and superphosphate & nitrate of soda in spring. 
Sow early sorts, Nov. to Jan.; mid-season, Feb. & March; late, April. 
Distances to sow: 3in. deep, 2 to 3 in. apart in rows 2% to 3 ft. asunder. 
Quantity to sow an acre: 3 bushels. Cost of cultivation per acre: 
Hoeing, 3s.; brushing haulm, 3s. 6d.; picking per bushel (321b.), 4d. 
to 6d. Average yield per acre, 150 bushels. Average return per acre, 
£20 to £30. Weight of seeds per bushel, 56 to 63 1b. 
CULTURE OF SUGAR PEAS: Soil, same as for garden peas. Sow 
in March or April, 2} in. deep in drills Gin. wide & 6ft. apart, & earth 
up & stake in the usual way. Gather pods when fully developed & 
cook like French beans. Rotation: Peas may follow potatoes, carrots, 
parsnips, turnips, broccoli, or cabbage; & be succeeded by cabbage, 
turnips, spinach, or celery. 
CULTURE OF MUMMY PEA: Soil, ordinary. Position, open 
sunny borders. Sow seeds 4in. deep, three or four in a 3-in. pot 
filled with light soil & placed in warm window or greenhouse in March, 
transplanting seedlings outdoors in May; or 2}in. deep in open 
ground in April. Support with stakes when 6in. high. Water 
copiously in dry weather. Apply stimulants occasionally when flowers 
a 
ppear. ‘ 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: P. sativum (Garden Pea), parent of cultivated varieties, 
white or red, summer, Europe, etc.; sativum saccharatum (Sugar Pea), white or 
red, summer, Europe; elatius (Mummy or Crown Pea), blush, summer, 4 to 6 ft., 
Mediterranean Region. The statement that seeds of latter were originally found 
in an Egyptian mummy is a purely legendary one. 
Pitcairnia.—Ord. Bromeliaceew. Stove perennial herbs. First 
introduced 1777. Leaves, narrow or sword-shaped; margins prickly. 
CULTURE: Compost, equal parts fibrous loam, rough peat, & leaf- 
mould. Pot, March. Water freely always. Good drainage essen- 
tial. Temp., Sept. to March 60° to 70; March to Sept. 70° to 80°. 
Propagate by offshoots inserted in small pots at any time. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: P. andreana, yellow and red, summer, 1 ft., Vene- 
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