ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GARDENING. 
1 Ee CULTIVATED: U. pendula (Syn. U. aurea), yellow and green, summer, 
» Peru. 
Ursinia.—Ord. Composite. Half-hardy annual. First intro- 
duced 1836. 
CULTURE: Soil, ordinary. Position, sunny beds or borders. Sow 
seeds, Feb. or March in ordinary light mould in pots, pans, or boxes 
in temp. 55° to 65°, & transplant seedlings when an inch high to 
3in. apart in shallow boxes; place in cold frame in April; harden off 
& plant outdoors, May or June. Also sow seeds in open ground in 
April where required to grow, & thin seedlings to 4 or 6 in. apart when 
1 to Gin. high. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: U. pulchra (Syn. Sphenogyne speciosa), yellow and 
brown, summer, 1 ft., 8. Africa. 
Utricularia (Bladderwort)—Ord. Lentibulariacee. Stove 
aquatic herbs. First introduced 1871. 
CULTURE: Compost, equal parts fibrous peat, sphagnum moss, & 
crocks. Position, well-drained pots or shallow pans placed on inverted 
pots in saucer of water under Fell-glase or hand-light in shade. Pot, 
March or April. Water freely, April to Sept.; moderately afterwards. 
Admit air for a few minutes daily every morning by tilting bell-glass" 
or hand-light. Temp. Oct. to March 55° to 65°; March to Oct. 70° 
to 85°. Propagate by seeds sown on surface of shallow pans filled 
with equal parts of sphagnum moss, peat, & sand, placed under bell- 
glass & kept moist in temp. of 55° to 65°, Feb., March, or April; 
division of plants at potting or planting time. 
SPECIMS CULTIVATED: U. Endriesii, green, lilac and yellow, spring, 4 in., 
Costa Rica; montana, white and yellow, summer, 6 in., Trop. America. 
Uvularia (Bell-wort)—Ord. Liliaceae. Hardy bulbous plants. 
First introduced 1710. 
CULTURE: Soil, moist peat. Position, partially shaded border. 
Plant, Oct. & Nov. Propagate by division of roots in Oct. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: U. grandiflora, yellow, May, 1 ft., N. America; per- 
folinta, yellow, May, 1 ft., N. America. 
Vaccinium (Whortleberry; Bilberry; Huckleberry). — Ord. 
Vacciniacee. Hardy deciduous & evergreen flowering or berry-bear- 
ing shrubs. Berries, red, bluish black; edible; Aug. to Oct. 
CULTURE: Soil, boggy peat. Position, moist rockeries for V. 
vitus-idew & V. myrtillus. Plant, Sept., Oct., March, or April. No 
pruning required. Propagate by seeds sown in_ shallow boxes or 
pans filled with moist sandy peat in temp. of 55° to 65° in spring, 
transplanting seedlings outdoors in summer; cuttings of shoots in- 
serted in sandy moist peat under hand-light in shade in summer; 
layering shoots in autumn; division of vlants, Sept. or March. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: V. myrtillus (Bilberry or Whortleberry), rose and 
erecn, spring, berries dark blue, 18 in., N. Hemisphere (Britain); vitus-idwa (Cow- 
berry or Flowering Box), pink, spring, trailing, evergreen, N. Hemisphere (Britain). 
Valerian (Centranthus ruber).—See Centranthus. 
Valeriana (Cretan Spikenard).—Ord. Valerianaceer. Hardy 
perennial herbs. Flowering & orn. foliage. Leaves, golden yellow. 
CULTURE: Soil, ordinary. Position, sunny borders. Plant, Sept. 
to April. Lift, divide, & replant every three or four years. Top- 
dress annually with decayed manure in April. Cut down flowering 
stems in Oct. Flower buds should be picked off as they form. Pro- 
pagate by seeds sown 1-16in. deep in_light soil in sunny position 
outdoors in April ; division of roots in March or April. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: V. phu aurea, white, Aug., 2 ft., Caucasus. 
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