ENOYCLOPHDIA OF GARDENING. 
manure. Lift, divide, and replant every four or five years. Cut 
down flower stems, Oct. or Nov. Propagate by seeds sown 4 in. deep 
in ordinary soil in sunny position outdoors, March or April; division 
of roots, Oct. or March. é 
CULTURE OF BROAD BEANS: Soil, rich, well-manured, moist 
loam, for main crops; lighter, rich soil for early ones. Position, south 
borders for early crops; open garden for main or late ones. Sow 
early longpod varieties in Jan. & Feb., main crop sorts in March & 
April. Distances: Drills 3in. deep & 2}ft. apart for early ; 3 in. 
deep & 3ft. for main crops. Seeds to be 4 to 6 in. apart in drills. 
Soak seeds in water for 4 few hours before sowing. Nip off points of 
plants when first flowers open. Mulch late crops with decayed manure, 
especially on light soils. _Manures: Kainit, 2 lb,; superphosphate, 
51b.; sulphate of iron, 1lb. Apply these quantities per square rod 
before sowing. Crop ready for use 18 weeks after sowing. Seeds 
take 12 to 14 days to germinate. Seeds retain their germinating 
powers one year. Quantity of seeds to sow a row 50 ft. long, 1 pint. 
Marker Currure: Soil, rich, strong, moist lam. Manures, 
15 to 20 tons of farmyard manure applied per acre in autumn to poor 
soils; none on rich soils. In latter case apply 3 cwt. of superphos- 
phate & 3cwt. kainit per acre before sowing, and 1 cwt. nitrate of 
soda when plants are 3in. high. On heavy soils 6cwt. basic slag 
per acre in autumn in place of superphosphate. Sow early Long-pod 
varieties 6 to 10in. apart in drills 2in. deep and 2ft. apart in Feb.; 
main crop kinds 8 to 10 in. apart in drills 2in. deep, and 3 ft. apart 
in March. Roll land afterwards. Quantity of seed required to sow 
an acre, 2 or 3 bushels. Hoe between crops occasionally. Market by 
the bushel. Average yield per acre, 150 bushels. Average returns 
(gross) per acre, £18 to £23. 
ANNUAL SPECIES: V. atropurpurea, purple, June, 3 ft., S. Europe; faba 
(Broad Bean), white, June and July, 3 ft., Kast; lathyroides (Spring Vetch), lilac, 
May, 6 to 8 in., Europe; narbonensis, purple, June, 3 it., S. Europe; onobrychioides, 
purple, June, 2 ft 
PERENNIAL SPECIES: V. orobioides (Syn. Orobus lathyroides), blue, June, 2 ft., 
Europe (Britain). 
Victoria (Royal Water Lily; Queen Victoria's Water Lily).— 
Ord. Nymphacew. Stove aquatic plant. Orn. foliage. First intro- 
duced 1838. Leaves, roundish, flat, with turned-up edges; bronzy 
reen; 4 to 6ft. diameter; floating. 
CULTURE: Compost, two parts good rich turfy loam, one part 
decayed cow manure. Position, large tank 6ft. deep & 20 to 25 ft. 
wide filled with running water. Plant, May. Temp. of water, 80° to 
85°, Temp. of atmosphere, 75° to 85°, March to Sept.; Sept. to 
March 65° to 70°. No shade required. Propagate by seeds sown in 
pot of sandy loam submerged in water heated to temp. of 85°, & 
placed near glass in light position, Jan. When seedlings appear above 
surface, transplant singly in small pots & place in water again until 
May, then plant out as above advised. The Victoria Regia is strictly 
a perennial, but thrives best treated as an annual in this country.” 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: V. regia, white, rose and purple, summer, Trop. 
America, 
Victoria Water Lily (Victoria regia) —See Victoria, 
Victor’s Laurel (Laurus nobilis).—See Laurus. 
Vieussexia.—See Morea. 
Villarsia.—See Limnanthemum. 
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