Ps THE COD FISHERY OF ALASKA. 201 
T. Whitford told me that the cod spawn in the vicinity of Sitka in spring, and that they have a 
remarkable number of eggs. 
At Port Mulgrave, Yakutat Bay, we took but one cod in the harbor during the day spent 
there, and this one was largé but sick. Good fish are plentiful in the deeper water outside. Noth- 
ing but hand-lines were used from the. vessel. 
Capt. J. Haley reports cod very’abundant on the Hoochenoo bank in Chatham Strait. The 
bank extends from Hoochenoo Point to Point Samuel. He also states that there is a bank off 
Point Gardiner, and that there are bauks on the east shore of Baranoff Island near Poghibshi 
Strait. According to Captain Haley small cod are abundant in Prince Frederick Sound. 
While on a visit to the Aleut village near Graham Harbor, Cook’s Inlet, we were told by Mr. 
Cohen that cod are present in the inlet throughout the year. ‘On the 6th of July in Refuge Cove, 
Port Chatham, Cook’s Inlet, a great many fine young cod were seined. It was in Port Chatham 
that we first saw capelin schooling. Plenty of excellent cod were caught here with hand-lines from 
the vessel. 
Around the island of Kodiak cod are very numerous. On the 9th of July, while the Yukon 
was lying at anchor in the harbor of Saint Paul, schools of these fish were seen swimming about 
her. These were fine, lively fish, evidently the first of the summer run, which Mr. B. G. McIntyre 
informed me had not yet fairly begun. Young cod were seined on Wooded Island July 13. Between 
Kodiak and Unalashka are the extensive and well-known banks, Portlock, Seminofisky, and the 
Shumagins, which have furnished the great bulk of the cod so far taken in Alaska. 
There are cod banks in the vicinity of Unalashka. We had no difficulty in catching all we 
wanted with a small trawl-line or with hand-lines late in July and early in October. In July native 
fishermen at Iliuliuk were bringing in bidarka loads of beautiful fish, most of which were very 
large, to dry them for use in winter. The wonderful abundance of young cod 3 to 4 inches long 
was a feature here in October. 
The species has been seen as far west as the island of Atka, of the Aleutian chain. 
Cod have been reported abundant in Bristol Bay. They appear to be uncommon in Norton 
Sound, though occurring again more abundantly further north, as far as the ice-line. The eastern 
portion of Bering Sea may yet furnish important supplies of cod in suitable depths, since there is 
an abundance of its favorite food, notably sand-launce, capelin, smelt, herring, and pollock, which 
last is probably the “ whiting” spoken of by Seemann as occurring abundantly in Hotham Inlet, 
Kotzebue Sound. 
At the island of Saint Paul cod are taken rarely, the fur-seal having a monopoly of the catch. 
At Saint Lawrence Island Messrs. Maynard and Elliott caught cod on the 22d of August, 1874. 
The great fishing grounds of Kamtchatka are in the Okhotsk Sea and the sea of Kamtchatka. 
We were informed by one of the whaling captains in Plover Bay, last September, that he has 
caught cod off the heads of Marcus Bay, East Siberia, in about latitude 64° north and about longi- 
tude 172° 40/ west. Off Indian Point (Cape Tchaplin), East Siberia, a little farther north than 
Marcus Bay, we were told by Eskimo who came aboard the vessel that they sometimes take cod 
at that point. 
In the Arctic Ocean we saw no traces of the Gadus morrhua, its place being supplied to some 
extent by myriads of small polar cod (Boreogadus saida), which, like the pollock, has the lower jaw 
longer than the upper. On the 19th of August, 1880, in latitude 66° 45’ north, longitude 166° 35! 
west, we saw great numbers of young Boreogadus, from an inch to an inch and a half long, swim. 
ming under the tentacles of a Cyanea-like jelly-fish. 
In general terms we may say that cod are found around the whole southern shore of Alaska, 
