520 HISTORY AND METHODS OF THE FISHERIES. 
expected, and most of the firms have already given up the idea of utilizing the herring in this 
way. Very few fish are now put up, and during the season of 1880 the total quantity did not exceed 
200 barrels, many of these being spoiled in preparation. This business, however, should not be 
pronounced a failure until it has been more thoroughly tested, and future experiments may prove 
that under proper treatment the herring may be used for this purpose and that the anchovy trade 
of the United States may become an important one. 
5. EXTENT OF THE BUSINESS. 
STATISTICAL RECAPITULATION OF THE INDUSTRY FROM ITS ORIGIN TO THE PRESENT 
TIME.—From the time of the first experiments in 1875 the American sardine industry has gradu- 
ally increased in importance, though, as has just been stated, it was confined within comparatively 
narrow limits till 1880. At this time many of the Eastport merchants went into the business and 
canneries were built at various other points along the eastern coast of Maine. By the close of 
the season there were 18 canneries in operation, with a total capital of $484,950 dependent on 
the business, including that invested in fishing apparatus by the New Brunswick weir fishermen, 
who market their catch at Eastport. The business furnished employment to 1,328 factory hands, 
and to 196 American and 372 Provincial fishermen.* 
The following list of the sardine canning establishments in the United States in 1880, with 
their location, date of establishment, and city agents, has been carefully corrected by correspond- 
ence with Mr. Sellmann and Mr. Wolff, who have added a list of some of the new canneries that 
were to engage in the business in 1881: 
Name of firm. Location. Date. Agents. 
Eagle Preserved Fish Company ...... Eastport, Me..... 1875 | Wolff & Reessing, New York City. 
P.M. Kane. ......------ 2-222 ee eee eefeeee es OD cactasesdai -.| 1876 | Hansen & Deickmann, New York City. | 
Warren Brown ......-..-- edOivccancwedee: -| 1877 | Wolff & Reessing, New York City. is 
Hansen & Deickmann o eee DO isccrs serene .-| 1878 | Hansen & Deickmann, New York City. 
American Sardine Company .-- --do ..... -| 1879 | Rosenstein Brothers, New York City. 
2100 wexceaeess - | 1880 | Wolff & Reesasing, New York City. 
oO cisanncs ans -| 1880 Do. 
ei DOs inasaietis ccs, --| 1880 Do. 
etOO xaecensscx --| 1880 Do. 
MO! caieisecie cece -| 1880 | Rosenstein Brothers, New York City. 
Young & Stimpson ai@Orced scares 1880 | Hansen & Deickmann, New York City. 
Thomas L. Holmes miWOhavescay aed -| 1880 Do. 
By A. Holmes sc oe cic sccvesiccics ses caise tie cleawes < do .......... -| 1880 Do. 
Frontier Packing Company........... Robbinston, Me.. -| 1880 | Rosenstein Brothers, New York City. 
Lubec Packing Company .....-....--- Lubec, Me............ 1880 | Wolff & Reessing, New York City. 
William Underwood & Co..........-. Jonesport, Me........ 1880 | William Underwood & Co., Boston, Mass. 
Lamoine Packing Company ..-...-..- East Lamoine, Me ....) 1880 | Hansen & Deickmann, New York City. 
Union Fish Company. .............--- Camden, Me ......... 1880 | Rosenstein Brothers, New York City. 
Wolff & Reessing (2d cannery) .......| Eastport, Me......... 1881 | Wolff & Reessing, New York City. 
George O'Grady ....... .-..--------- -| 1881 Do. 
McCulloch & Co.......... . - --++-----| 1881 | Hansen & Deickmann, New York City. 
A. W. Brown......----+.. 1881 | Wolff & Reessing, New York City. 
Pike & Gillis .... --| 1881 Do. 
Cumstock & Co.............-2..2.00e- 1881 Do. 
George W. Capen........--..-.-+---+ 1881 Do. 
Young & Stimpson 1881 | Hansen & Deickmann, New York City. 
Wolff & Reessing...........-..-.-.-5- 1881 | Wolff & Reessing, New York City. 
‘A petition from the sardine packers of Eastport and Lubec to the Secretary of the Treasury, praying for relief 
from certain customs duties, under date of May 28, 1885, states that this industry employs an invested capital of not 
less than $1,000,000, of which a large proportion is in factory buildings, machinery, fixtures, tools, and implements. 
There are said to be 18 factories in Eastport and 4 in Lubec now wholly engaged in sardine packing, and employing 
several thousand operators.—A. H. CLARK. 
