2i6 KLOOF AND KARROO. 



KafFraria itself, where fostering protective laws have 

 not extended, the elephant is extinct. 



Passing eastward through Natal, once abounding 

 in, but now devoid of, elephants, we reach Zululand. 

 In that territory between 1850 and 1875 immense 

 numbers of the great pachyderm were hunted and 

 destroyed. Baldwin, Drummond, and other well- 

 known Nimrods, besides a numerous array of obscure 

 but quite as deadly Dutch and colonial professional 

 hunters, have practically wrought extinction in the 

 Zulu country. North of the Zulus, in Amatongaland, 

 the same state of things exists, with this difference : 

 that some numbers of elephants, driven by the 

 incursive gold-diggers and prospectors of Swaziland 

 from their ancient secluded haunts in that territory, 

 have recently trekked south across the Amatonga 

 border. Here their extermination must soon follow. 



It is probable that the country most abounding in 

 the poor remnant of elephants now south of the 

 Zambesi is the unhealthy region lying east and 

 north-east of the Transvaal border — much of it 

 known as Umzilaland. Here the prevalence of 

 deadly fever in the hot months, and the tse-tse fly, 

 have alone prevented Dutch hunters from completing 

 their work of destruction ; but even here the supply 

 of elephant-life is now sparse and limited, and 

 cannot long hold out. The Orange Free State, from 

 the treeless open nature of its terrain, although 

 formerly crowded with other game, was never a haunt 

 of elephants. But not so with the Transvaal. Here, 

 in 1837, Captain Cornwallis Harris, one of the first 

 to explore the beautiful but unknown wilds then held 

 by the fierce Moselikatse and his Matabeles, found 

 elephants in astounding plenty. In one valley alone, 



