Neoplasms in the Horse's Nose. 99 



turbinated bones in Catarrh for a polypus. If beyond the reach 

 of the finger, the flat sound on percussion of the nasal and frontal 

 bones on the affected side, and the persistently diminished flow 

 of air may serve for diagnosis. Tenderness shown on percussion 

 is common to this and abscess of the sinuses. 



Treatment. The horse having been cast with the diseased side 

 uppermost and the head turned to the light, the tumor is seized 

 with the fingers, the forceps, or hook, and drawn gently outward. 

 The chain of the ecraseur may be passed over it and slowly tight- 

 ened upon the pedicle until it is cut through. This will usually 

 obviate any laceration of the turbinated bones and consequent 

 bleeding. In case of serious haemorrhage check by cold water, 

 ice, the actual cautery, or by plugging. Polypi with a broad base 

 may be removed with a prob-pointed knife, curved on the flat, 

 and furnished with a long handle. The mass is seized with a vul- 

 sella and detachment made by passing the knife with the concave 

 side toward the tumor. In cases where the tumor cannot be seen 

 or reached some have resorted to slitting up the outer wall of the 

 nostril as far as the angle of union of the nasal and maxillary 

 bones, care being taken to make the incision outside the upper 

 end of the cartilage of the ala nasi. If too high to be satisfactorily 

 reached in this way the nasal or frontal bone may be trephined 

 over the body of the tumor as indicated by the flatness on percus- 

 sion, and the operation performed through the opening thus made. 



II. Actinomycosis. Though much more common in cattle 

 than horses, yet the occasional occurrence of this in the face of 

 the .solipede must not pass unnoticed. 



III. Sarcoma and Carcinoma. These are found growing 

 from the periosteum, or even starting in the cancellated tissue and 

 projecting into the nose, where they give rise to symptoms like 

 those of fibrous polypi. Being much softer in texture and more 

 liable to ulceration and degeneration they are likely to cause a 

 much more offensive discharge. There is also more tendency to 

 the implication of the submaxillary lymphatic glands. The only 

 treatment is surgical and recurrence is always to be feared. (See 

 Diseases of the Orbit. ) 



IV. Fatty Tumors of the nose are described by Roll and Gurlt 

 as existing on the septum and in the sinuses. Being simple, they 

 can be removed with great confidence as to nonrecurrence. 



