IvARYNGlTiS IN THE HORSE. 



ANGINA LARYNGITIS, CYNANCHE LARYNGEA, ETC. 



Causes, mechanical, cold, irritants, extension, diet, close stables, infec- 

 tious disease. Symptoms of acute form, head extended, throat swollen, 

 tender larynx, cough, in early stage, after exudation, wheezing in inspira- 

 tion, dysphagia, fever, oedena glottidis, spasms, dyspnoea, successive dis- 

 charges. Lesions, tumefaction, softening, friability, redness (ramified or 

 not), erosions of mucosa, oedema. Course, duration, sequelae, cough, 

 roaring. Subacute form, chronic form, in old debilitated animals, in those 

 reined too tightly, in those which perspire with difficulty or bear heavy 

 coats. Symptoms, local, in breathing, cough, eflFect of cold air, or water or 

 of dust. Sequelae, ossified cartilages, roaring, emphysema, bronchiectasis. 

 Treatment, hygienic, soothing, sheepskin, compress, poultice, mustard, 

 sulphur dioxide, laxative, neutral salts, expectorant, sedative, derivative, 

 tracheotomy, with trochar and cannula, with scalpel, tracheotomy tubes. 

 Insufflation, injection. In chronic laryngitis, electuaries, mustard, deriva- 

 tives, astringents, caustics, tonic inhalations. 



Causes. These are the ordinary causes of chest diseases. As 

 special causes may be noted severe compression of the larynx as 

 in roughly and repeatedly coughing an animal ; the sudden con- 

 tact of piercing cold air, of irritant gases, powders or liquids 

 with the membrane, and the rapid, forcible and continuous cur- 

 rent of condensed air through the glottis during severe exertion. 



Among the general causes the most fruitful are the high feed- 

 ing, hot, close stables, heats and chills, and other circumstances 

 attendant on domestication. Laryngitis may be an extension 

 from coryza, pharyngitis, bronchitis or pneumonia. It may 

 further be but a local manifestation of influenza or strangles, 

 contagious pneumonia, etc. The disease is acute, subacute, or 

 chronic. 



Symptoms of acute form. All acquainted with horses can 

 recognize the general symptoms of sore throat. The nose is 

 elevated and protruded to avoid compression of the larynx ; it is 

 carried stiffly for the same reason. There is some swelling around 

 the throat or beneath the root of the ears. If the cartilages of 

 the larynx are compressed between the finger and thumb, or if 

 pressure is made in the median line below upon the connecting 

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