CHRONIC BRONCHITIS IN THE HORSE. 

 BRONCHIAL CATAARH. 



As Sequel of Acute : as result of unhygienic environment, diet and usage. 

 Symptoms, breathing accelerated, double expiratory act, short breath, cough 

 husky, or paroxysmal, excited by cold air, water, discharge white floccu- 

 lent. Percussion, drumlike patches ; Auscultation mucous and sibilant r§,les. 

 Lesions, thick muciis, pale membranes, bronchiectasis, emphysema, ulcera- 

 tion. Thick wind. Treatment, stimulating, tonic, derivative, medicated 

 vapors, careful diet. Tar water. 



This may be a sequel of the acute form, or it may appear at 

 once as a catarrhal discharge from the bronchial tubes and with- 

 out any very marked febrile affection, in animals debilitated by 

 damp stables, overwork and a faulty regimen and diet. 



Symptoms. Respiration accelerated, and expiration effected 

 with a double lifting of the flank ; the horse is easily blown when 

 moderately exercised ; the cough is frequent, soft or rattling and 

 paroxysmal — sometimes hard and deep - is excited when brought 

 from the warm stable into the cold air, and is followed by a 

 whitish, flocculent, purulent discharge from the nostrils, con- 

 sistent but not sticky (like buttermilk). The pulse is rapid and 

 small in volume. 



Percussion manifests a healthy resonance over the greater part 

 or all of the chest, a drumlike sound over given areas, and auscul- 

 tation over its median part detects a bronchial rattle and in most 

 cases a dry sibilant rile. , 



After death the bronchial tubes are found to contain an abund- 

 ance of thick mucus, though abnormal redness of the mucous 

 membrane is by no means a necessary condition. There is always 

 more or less dilatation of the bronchial tubes especially at their 

 points of subdivision where they are often twice their healthy 

 calibre, and an emphysematous state of the lungs is equally con- 

 stant. Delafond and Rodet have noted minute ulcers on the 

 bronchial mucous membrane and Reynal miliary abscesses and 

 grayish and white indurations of the lung tissue and bronchial 

 glands which may have been glanderous. 



It will be observed that the symptoms and lesions closely re- 

 semble those of broken wind (heaves), and unless early and suc- 



191 



