Croupous Pneumonia in the Ox. 235 



redness is rendered uniform. The amount of exudate into the 

 interlobular tissue is, however, never so great as in lung plague. 



The greater frequency of suppuration in the lung of the ox, as 

 virell as the greater tendency to tubercular deposit in prolonged 

 cases are additional features in the diseased lungs. 



Treatment. Blood-letting should be employed only with pre- 

 cautions, as in the horse. A saline laxative (i lb. Epsom salts 

 and y^ lb. molasses) may be used with advantage and safety earlj' 

 in the disease though in advanced stages it may sometimes prove 

 dangerous from the tendency to diarrhoea. If constipation appears 

 at a late stage injections of warm water and a mild laxative (6 

 ounces sulphate of soda) only, should be given. The purgative 

 may be followed by the same neutral salts and in the same doses 

 as for the horse. Couriterirritants are of equal value. A mustard 

 poultice may be kept on for several hours, or a mixture in equal 

 parts of oil of turpentine, ammonia, and olive oil may be actively 

 rubbed over both sides of the chest and repeated daily until 

 tender. In Denmark a prompt and efficient blister is made with 

 I part of Croton oil and 10 parts each of sulphuric ether and 

 spirits of wine. This is rubbed actively over the chest and 

 washed off as soon as a sufficient effect has been produced. It 

 must be carefully watched to prevent blemishing. 



In the low types of the disease and during convalescence stimu- 

 lants and tonics are to be employed as recommended for' the horse. 



Chronic Pneumonia. Gelle describes a chronic form of this 

 disease in cows. For about a month the patient became increas- 

 ingly emaciated, there was a frequent, dry, weak cough, lifting of 

 the flanks, and expiration double and accompanied by a moan. 

 All these symptoms were aggravated by gentle exercise. Percus- 

 sion detected dullness at the lower part of the lung and ausculta- 

 tion a distinct crepitating rile. The pulse was weak and rapid, 

 the mucous membranes red and tumid, skin dry, ears and horns 

 cold, appetite small and capricious, rumination rare, excrements 

 soft, and milk almost dried up. 



The treatment is by diuretics with vegetable tonics and stimu- 

 lants and active counterirritation over the che.st. Gelle considers 

 the malady as all but incurable unless active blistering is promptly 

 employed so soon as the malady has assumed the chronic form 

 and before extensive structural changes have taken place in the 

 lungs. 



