254 Veterinary Medicine. 



is rarely the same restlessness as in the horse ; the bowels are 

 costive, appetite and rumination impaired or suspended, and the 

 paunch is often distended with gas. The tenderness of the 

 intercostal spaces, the friction sound of the pleura, and the main- 

 tenance of the respiratory murmur and the normal resonance of 

 the lung, become the ultimate diagnostic symptoms. The pulse 

 may be 70° and upward, the temperature above 104° to 105°. 

 In some insidious cases indeed the fever is very slight and besides 

 the general wasting of the animal, the indications obtained by 

 physical examination alone enabled us to recognize the malady.- 

 Tuberculous pleurisy which is very common in cattle is to be 

 suspected in such cases. 



Effusion is recognized by the dulness of the lower part of the 

 chest up to a certain line, and often unilateral, by the softer 

 pulse, by the dilated nostrils, or open mouth, the contracted 

 facial muscles, by the glazed eye, and anxious expression, by 

 oppressed breathing and often by engorgement under the chest 

 and in the limbs. 



When the disease lasts over ten or twelve days it tends to pass 

 into the chronic form. Or a chronic pleurisy of a subacute type 

 may begin de novo and pursue an insidious and latent course. 



If the disease commences as a subacute affection there may 

 have been for a month, capricious appetite, general illhealth 

 and falling away before any other symptom is noticed. Now 

 the breathing is manifestly excited, a small, short cough is heard 

 at intervals, the pulse is accelerated but weak, and pinching 

 auscultation and percussion detect unequivocal signs of pleurisy. 

 From this the symptoms become more decided though for a length 

 of time they are very slight, the animal meanwhile becomes 

 increasingly emaciated, and perishes ultimately in a state of great 

 weakness. Such insidious cases are always to be suspected of 

 tuberculosis. 



The post mortem appearances resemble those of the horse. 

 The surface of the lung beneath the diseased portions of- pleura, 

 however, often presants a marbled appearance from the infiltration 

 of the areolar tissue between the adjacent pulmonary lobules. 

 The organization of the false membranes begins on an average 

 about the tenth day. 



Treatment. The same general principles must be followed as 



