ORDER I. : APES (PITHECI). 



Foeb-limbs provided with hands, hind-limbs with prehensile feet, fingers 

 and toes with fiat nails. Eyes directed forwards, face more or less 

 devoid of hairs. Live among trees and rocks. All are inhabitants of 

 warm regions. 



Orang-Utan (Simia satyrus). 

 (Height = about 4£ feet.) 



A. Its Home. 



The Malay name, " Orang-Utan " (i.e., man of the woods), aptly 

 designates this animal as a man-like inhabitant of the forests. Its home 

 is in the well-watered, densely-wooded districts of Sumatra and Borneo. 

 It frequents by preference the summits of the giant trees of the aboriginal 

 forests. 



B. A True Arboreal Animal. 



1. Hairy Covering. — The whole body is covered with long shaggy 

 hair. The only hairless parts are the ugly face, with its broad cheek 

 callosities, its almost human ears, the huge neck-pouch, the hands and 

 feet. All these parts are of a bluish-black colour. 



(a) The colour of the hair is a reddish-brown, and very similar to 

 that of the bark of the trees frequented by the animal, thereby proving 

 an excellent means of protection, especially for the still defenceless 

 young. 



(b) In consequence of its semi-erect posture (see Section 3) the animal 

 exposes its back to the rain ; accordingly the hairy covering is much 

 thicker on this part of the body than on the breast. As a protection 

 against rain the shoulders and upper arm are similarly clothed with 

 long thick hair. (Some of these hairs have been known to attain a 

 length of from 16 to 20 inches.) The hairs of the lower arm (as in man) 

 point towards the elbow. We are informed by naturalists, who have 

 observed the animals in their native forests, that during rainy weather 

 they will clasp hold of any tree branches that may happen to be above 



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