22 TEXT-BOOK OF ZOOLOGY 



-which, like the Orang-Utan, use only the outer edge of their feet in 

 walking, and have neither tail nor anal callosities nor cheek-pouches. 

 To this group belong : 



The Gorilla {Gorilla gina) and the Chimpanzee (Simla troglodytes). 

 Both are inhabitants of the aboriginal forests of West Africa, and both 

 in their structure and mode of life closely resemble the Orang-Utan. 



The Chimpanzee reaches a height of only 5 feet, whereas the Gorilla 

 generally surpasses man in weight, reaching a height up to about 5£ feet. 

 Travellers describe it as a broad-shouldered, powerful animal of extra- 

 ordinary strength. 



(b) To the Dog-like Apes (Cynopitlvcini) belong those of the Catar- 

 rhini which have an elongated muzzle like a dog. Many of these have 

 cheek-pouches (see Marmot), and a tail which is used as a rudder in 

 jumping (see Squirrel) ; all have anal callosities, and walk on the soles 

 of their feet. 



To this group belong the Baboons (Cynoeephalus). These are true 

 terrestrial animals, inhabiting rocky and mountainous districts. Hence 

 their body is much stouter than in the arboreal species ; but they are 

 nimble mountaineers, by reason of their short and powerful limbs. In 

 correspondence with their habitat and structure, their food consists of 

 bulbs and tubers which they dig up out of the earth, as well as of grass 

 and all kinds of fruits growing on or a little above the soil, or such as 

 have fallen from the trees. They also eat all kinds of insects and snails. 

 All are ugly in appearance and of malicious disposition. The Mandril 

 (C. mormon), whose home is in Guinea, with its yellow beard, blue cheek 

 callosities, red anal callosities, and red nose, is the impersonation of 

 repulsive ugliness. 



The Magot or Barbary Ape (Inuus ccaudatus) is a tailless ape, 

 which, being easily tamed, is trained by camel-drivers, bear-tamers, and 

 in shows, etc., to perform all sorts of tricks. It inhabits the mountainous 

 parts of Northern Africa, and is an excellent climber up cliffs and preci- 

 pices, but will also mount trees. A few examples of this species occur 

 on the Eock of Gibraltar as the sole representatives of the monkey tribe 

 in Europe. 



Family 2: New-World or Broad-Nosed Apes (Platyrrhini).— 

 In this family the end of the nasal septum is thickened into a wedge- 

 like shape, whereby the nostrils come to lie more at the sides of the face. 

 They invariably possess a long tail, but never cheek-pouches or an.al 

 callosities. 



The best-known members of this specifically numerous family are the 

 Howling Monkeys (Mycetes). They are inhabitants of the aboriginal 



