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TEXT-BOOK OF ZOOLOGY 



to the larvffi and those members of the family which do not leave the 

 hive, besides having to lay up a store for the winter. Accordingly, a 

 very large number of flowers have to be visited, and the bee, therefore, 

 must be capable of rapid and nimble flight. 



(a) Hence, not only are all the four wings used as flight organs 

 (contrast with beetles), but those of each side form a connected and 

 continuous surface, forming each, in fact, one large wing. This con- 

 nection is effected by the middle portion of the posterior edge of the 



I. Head and Mouth Parts (folded together) of Honey-Bee. (Magnified about twelve 



times.) 



II. Mouth Parts (spread open). (More strongly magnified.) 



A., Compound eye; Na., the three simple eyes (ocelli); P., antenna; 01., labruni ; 

 Ok., mandibles ; Uk., maxillae, with, Kt., maxillary palpi ; Ul., labium ; Lt., labial palpi ; 

 Z. , central division of labium, or lingua. 



fore-wing being reflected and grasped by some fine hooks on the adjacent 

 edge of the hind-wing. (In the humble-bee these hooks, as well as the 

 other details of structure here mentioned, may be observed with a simple 

 hand lens.) 



The rapid motion of the wings during flight gives rise to the humming 

 sound. If a bee be held fast so that it cannot move its wings, we still 

 hear a sound, but a louder one and pitched in a higher key. This is 

 the real voice of the bee, and is produced by forcible expirations of the 



