CHAPTER. I, 
GENERAL DISEASES OF THE HORSE. 
Lifluenza, Strangles.  Glanders and Farcy. Anthrax or Charbon; 
Anthracoid Diseases, Clossanthrax and Anthracoid Angina. Scarlet 
Fever and Purpura. General diseases of the Horse due to errors in 
dieting and management: Weed or Lymphangitis; Diabetes Insipidus, 
Diabetes Mellitus; Oxaluria; Azoturia. Tetanus or Lockjaw, 
Rheumatism, Acute, Chronic, and Muscular. Rabies or flydrophobta, 
INFLUENZA OR DISTEMPER. 
THERE are perhaps few diseases to which the horse is liable so well 
known as “influenza” or ‘‘distemper,” and there are few which vary 
so widely in intensity and diversity of form as does this protean malady. 
This disease was first termed “influenza” in the seventeenth century by 
the Italians, who attributed its origin to the influence of the stars. In 
addition tothe more popularnames, influenzahasalso been called “the epidemic” 
and “ epizootic catarrhal fever,” and has also received special appellations, 
such.as “pink eye” or pneumo-enteric fever, according to the form and 
‘character which it assumes. Even so early as the beginning of the fourteenth 
‘century, influenza is recorded to have broken out at Seville, and many 
horses then fell victims to its ravages. In the years 1688 and 1693, severe 
epidemics of influenza occurred throughout Europe, and they were followed by 
the appearance of a similar fever in man. 
Influenza is widely distributed over the Old and New Worlds, and when 
once manifested shows a marked tendency to travel, usually westward. The 
parts more particularly affected by the disease are the lining membranes of 
‘the nose, throat, and upper part of the wind-pipe, and its continuation into 
the lungs. : 
Of the actual causes of influenza so little is definitely known that we 
‘shall not perplex our readers by promulgating uncertain theories. As far as 
we know, however, influenza has not yet been proved to be influenced by 
atmospheric or astronomical causes ; nor is its origin in any way connected 
with the special geological conformation of the strata of the earth’s surface. 
