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Many outbreaks of anthrax have been traced to the indiscriminate burial 
eof carcases of animals which have died of the disease. According to 
Pasteur, spores of the bacilli are brought to the surface of the earth by 
earth worms, even ten to twelve months after burial of the diseased carcases; 
but this method of propagation is doutbful. Dogs, after feeding on the 
‘diseased flesh, may bite sheep, and thus inoculate them with the disease. 
Flies feeding on anthrax blood have been shown to absorb sufficient poison 
in their proboscides to give the disease to animals. Anthrax may also be 
‘spread by eating food contaminated by water containing the germs of the 
disease. -Uncleaned knives used in dressing carcases may also propagate 
anthrax. The germs are said to be most volatile in spring and summer, less 
‘so in autumn, and still less in winter, 
Although anthrax has not yet been shown to be infectious, yet there is 
-every probability that it is. It often appears first in districts where it is local 
‘or endemic, and afterwards assumes an epidemic form, spreading rapidly and 
infecting many animals. We must now turn to the consideration of the 
‘symptoms of the forms of anthrax in the horse. 
Anthrax fever in the horse is rare in Great Britain. The symptoms 
-appear suddenly. The animal trembles violently, perspires very freely, 
.and breathes irregularly and with difficulty, loses control over his movements, 
‘staggers, and dies convulsed. These acute symptoms may however abate in 
two or three days, and finally end in death or recovery. Sometimes they are 
not so rapidly manifested. A disinclination to move, a loss of power over the 
muscles, drowsiness, stupidity, and great prostration, are marked features. 
‘Other symptoms are a yellowish bloody discharge from the nose, fetid breath,. 
:and pain in the body, which last is shown by uneasiness, pawing, and 
frequent looking at the sides. The excrement is fluid and blood stained, 
the skin is harsh and dry, and in some cases crackles when pressed towards 
the loins. The pulse is irregular, increased in number, and the temperature 
is raised several degrees, and may reach 106° to 108° F. The. respirations 
‘become tumultuous and hurried, and the nostrils widely opened; the 
‘temperature falls, and the animal staggers at every step; convulsions and 
delirium ensue; and death ends the scene. Sometimes in the horse, at a 
«certain stage in the fever, there is an external eruption of tumours called 
“anthrax pustules.” They are especially met with in the upper part of the 
‘throat, the lower part of the neck, on the back, and in the groin. As the 
tumours develop, the fever often abates, but in rare instances when they 
vanish the disease assumes all the characteristics of anthrax without 
tumours, the general symptoms reappear, and the animal dies in about 
twelve hours. 
The horse is also liable to two forms of anthrax, characterised by 
.changes in special parts. These are termed anthracoid diseases. They 
‘have not as yet been proved to be due to the bacilli anthracis, and are 
named glossanthrax and anthracoid angina respectively, and are generally 
associated together, rarely occurring separately. The tongue in the former 
analady is swollen and hard, hangs from the mouth, is of a dark bluish or 
