= 
32 
tetanus, no one, unfortunately, can in particular be regarded as a specific, 
Moreover, some drugs recommended by some practitioners are not advocated. 
by others. In all cases professional aid is necessary. A moderate dose of 
some purgative should be given in the first place, and the bowels afterwards 
kept open by a laxative diet of mashes and oatmeal gruel, Three or four 
drachms of aloes, or two drachms of calomel, may be given in the first place, 
\ chloral hydrate, in doses of two to four drachms, may be administered three . 
eee nia = It is not advisable to give drenches, as these 
times daily in the water. 
annoy the animal in most instances; but remedies should be given in the 
water, or by clysters in the form of. powders, or, lastly, by injection under 
the skin. In the latter method, morphia may be administered. Tobacco 
was found very useful in tetanus by the late Mr. D. Gresswell, and Mr,. 
Charles Gresswell, of Nottingham, also advocates its administration, We 
also very strongly recommend it as the most valuable of all remedies in 
lock-jaw. The spine may be rubbed with the compound liniment of 
belladonna three times daily. It is very important in tetanus that the 
attendant be as quiet and kind to his charge as possible. He should always 
keep oatmeal or linseed gruel by the animal, and if it be impossible to take 
in sufficient nutriment in this manner, nutrient clysters are necessary. 
RHEUMATISM. 
RHEUMATISM assumes three different forms—-acute, chronic, and muscular. 
Acute rheumatism is a constitutional fever characterised by special tendency 
to inflammation of certain parts, viz., the joints, the coverings of the muscles. 
and of the “tendons” or “ leaders,” as they are sometimes called, and finally 
of the serous covering of the heart, and of its inner lining membrane. 
These inflammations have, as in man, a remarkable tendency to dissapear 
suddenly from one part and to reappear in another, without any apparent 
cause whatever. 
Before speaking of the symptoms by which we may recognise the acute: 
form of this malady, we may say a few words regarding the nature and 
the causes of all the varieties of rheumatism generally. Rheumatism is a 
general disease, the immediate cause of which is said to be some poisonous. » 
substance circulating in the blood. This poison is believed to be anacid, No- 
acid, has, however, been detected in the blood. It seems not at all unlikely 
that rheumatism will eventually prove like so many other diseases of which 
we have already treated—to be due to some living germ or fungus. 
circulating in the system. 
The exciting causes of rheumatism are exposure to cold and wet,. 
exposure to sudden chills, damp, and general bad hygienic conditions, It 
has been observed, as in man, that certain animals of the equine tribe are 
more pre-disposed to this malady than others, owing to a constitutional 
tendency or “rheumatic diathests,” as it is termed in medical language. 
Rheumatism is more common in some districts than in others, and is more 
