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Wind-suckers and crib-biters should have a supply of water by them, as 
~well as a good lump of rock salt in the manger. Half an ounce of 
-bicarbonate of potassium given in the water once daily, will sometimes prove 
-very beneficial. 
Inflammation of the gullet is generally the result of direct injury. It 
smay be induced by the passage of very large portions of food, or by the 
administration of irritant liquids) The symptoms are difficulty of 
-swallowing, tenderness on manipulation, and sometimes spasm of the gullet. 
Many cases do not require treatment beyond the use of liquid food for a day 
or two: In severe cases, linseed gruel, to which an ounce of tincture of 
-opium has been added, is of benefit where there is much pain. Hot water 
-fomentations are useful. 
INFLAMMATION OF THE BOWELS. 
“WE now turn to the consideration of inflammation of the bowels, but may 
first say a few words about inflammation generally. What is inflammation? 
Inflammation comprises three kinds of changes. Firstly, there is a change 
in the blood vessels, and in the circulation through them ; secondly, there is 
_an exudation of fluid, and often little blood cells escape through the walls of 
the vessels; and lastly, there is change in the tissues themselves. The 
_arteries first enlarge in inflammation, and the blood flow is accelerated. 
Afterwards, the blood flow is much retarded, and little cells of the blood 
-accumulate in the small veins, and stick fast in those little communicating 
tubes between the veins and arteries, which are called capillaries. The 
‘blood flow through these channels at last stops, and then some of the little 
blood cells pass out of the containing vessels into the parts around. 
Inflammation leads to depression of vitality, and death of the tissues 
‘involved. There is no increase of vitality, and no multiplication of the 
-elements of tissue. 
Inflammation of the bowels or enteritis in horses is a disease of very 
great importance, being both very fatal and very common. It is more 
-commonly met with in adults, and in those animals which are in 
-confinemént, than in the young and those out at grass. It is also of more 
frequent occurrence among the heavy draught horses, than among the more 
Ahighly-bred animals. This fatal malady has two distinct forms, which, 
-although presenting many symptoms in common, are in reality of a different 
nature. 
The first-variety we may term apoplectic, from the rapidity with which 
-the animal is’ struck down. The horse may even die ina few hours. Of 
‘this variety the causes are not always apparent. Over-exertion, prolonged 
-exposure to cold, drinking cold water when heated, and, finally, washing the 
_animal in cold water, while still in a heated and perspiring condition, are 
however the most important. This variety is generally fatal. The other 
~wariety, which may be termed secondary inflammation of the bowels, is 
