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adult state. They do this by rolling themselves within the fecal 
matter of the horse’s intestine. In this state they lie coiled in the 
cocoons they make for themselves. In some districts the worm is not 
often met with, while in others it is most destructive. -Mr. Lloyd was the 
first to recognise this worm as the cause of the Welsh epizootic outbreaks. 
‘The worm gives rise to emaciation, colic, diarrhoga, and sometimes to 
inflammation of the bowels. Sometimes the pain is very acute, and the 
animal rolls and tosses about in great agony. In other instances, abdominal 
pain is not a marked feature. Last year we were called to see a team 
of cart horses, two of which had already died. The remaining two were 
much prostrated and extremely emaciated. Careful examination of the 
excreta soon revealed to us these characteristic little red worms, as 
the cause of the mischief. The males are about one-eighth of an. 
‘inch long, the females two-fifths of an inch. When these worms infest 
the horse, a full dose of aloes should be given in the first instance, 
and this should be followed up by giving mashes for a couple . of 
days or so, and then by good nutritious food and the administration of tonic 
and stimulating medicines. The following formula is a good one :—of 
carbonate of ammonium two drachms, the double citrate of iron and 
ammonium two drachms, ginger, gentian, and treacle, to make an eight 
drachm ball. One ball to be given two or three times daily for three weeks. 
We may now say a few words regarding the armed strongyle. This 
worm has long been known to naturalists. Formerly two varieties were 
described, but these are now known to be the same worm in different stages 
of growth. The body is rigid, the head flattened and armed with numerous 
upright denticles like those of a circular saw. The hind ray of the hood of 
the male is thrice cleft. The males are about an inch and a half long, the 
females two inches. The eggs are elliptical, and when passed out with the 
fieces, they become hatched in three weeks in mud, and at the same time 
part with their tails. They next gain access to the bodies of some 
intermediary host, probably some insect, where they are still further 
matured, and from thence they gain access to the horse. From the intestinal 
ARMED STRONGYLE, 
x, adult strongyle, natural size; A, head of adult, enlarged thirty times. d, asenual 
strongyle, natural size; B, head of asexual strongyle, seen from the point, 
enlarged thirty times. (Zundel), 
