T16 
The skin consists principally of a layer of vascular tissue called the . 
derma, and an external covering called the cuticle. Within and below the 
derma are embedded the sweat glands, which excrete the perspiration, the 
sebaceous glands which secrete the oily fluid to lubricate the skin, and the 
little depressions called hair follicles, in which the hairs are situated. The 
hair and nails, strange as it may seem, are merely modifications of the 
cuticle or epidermis. The upper surface of the derma is not level, but shows. 
a multitude of little elevations which are termed papillee, in which the little 
nerve endings terminate, thus endowing the skin with sensibility. On the 
tips of the fingers of man and in other parts, which are endowed with 
extra sensibility, the nerve fibres ending in the papilla: are more numerous 
‘than elsewhere. Likewise, on the tip of the nose of the horse and in other 
parts, they are more abundant. The papille are about 1°200th of an inch in: 
ength, and about 1‘6ooth of an inch in width at the base. The cuticle is a 
thin layer covering the derma, and filling up the depressions between the 
papille. It is made up of little cells, which are being continually deposited 
on the derma. 
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‘ fr uft ae : 
In the above picture of a section of the skin of the horse A is the cuticle, 
B is the derma, C is a sweat gland, D is a sebaceous gland, E is the hair in ue 
its follicle, F is the hair bulb, G is a papilla, and H isa group of fat cells. 
The section is magnified highly. 
In the horse, the bristly appendages known as horse-hair, should be 
distinguished from the other hairs forming the coat. The latter are fine and 
short, especially in the regions where the skin is thin, and where the hairs are 
imbricated on each other. The former are thicker and longer, those of the 
