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biting. through. the skin, and leading to the exudation of fluid, which forms 
large-scabs. This variety of mange is not so contagious as the previous 
ones. 
We may now consider the treatment of the various kinds of mange. 
In the first place, the horses affected should be isolated from the healthy ones. 
After cleansing thoroughly with soft soap and warm water, the affected parts 
may be smeared over with sulphur ointment twice daily. A still more 
efficient ointment for the cure of mange we may append from the “Veterinary 
Pharmacology and Therapeutics.” It is made of one ounce of ointment of 
sulphur, one ounce of ointment of stavesacre, one drachm of white precipitate 
of mercury, and twenty drops of carbolic acid or creosote. This ointment we 
have found very efficient. Professor Williams, in his excellent work on 
veterinary surgery, recommends the following ointment as most effective :—Of 
powdered stavesacre two ounces, of lard eight ounces, of olive oil one ounce. 
Mix and digest at 100° in a sand bath, and strain. 
In addition to dressing the diseased parts of the skin, it will be necessary 
to cleanse very carefully the clothing and fittings of the affected animal. 
The rugs may be steeped in boiling: water, to which has been added soft 
soap and carbolic acid, The fittings should also be thoroughly washed and 
cleansed with warm water and a solution of carbolic acid. Williams 
recommends that the harness, saddle, and grooming utensils should be 
washed with soap and warm water, and afterwards with a solution made of 
ten grains of corrosive sublimate to each ounce of water. This substance, 
however, is very poisonous, and if used must be employed with great 
caution. 
The horse, in addition to being attacked by scab, is also liable to be 
attacked by lice or pediculi, These insects occasion. very violent itching, 
which increases at night. This disease is termed poultry lousiness, because 
it is from ill-kept poultry that the insects gain access to the stable. This 
disease—which is easily cured when the cause is remedied by removing the 
poultry and cleaning the stable—is characterised by the eruption of a number 
of small blebs on the skin. These cause the hair to fall off in little round 
. patches, about the size of a pea or bean. In these cases all that is necessary 
is to remove the cause, cleanse the hen-houses, whitewash the stable, and wash 
the animal with a solution made by boiling one ounce of stavesacre seeds in 
a quart or so of water. 
RINGWORM. 
RINGWORM is a disease of the skin caused by the growth of vegetable 
parasites, belonging to the order of the fungi. These little plants, of lowly 
‘form and structure, are of two varieties, and give rise to two apparently 
somewhat similar, but nevertheless really different, forms of ringworm. As, 
however, the treatment of the two diseases is in the main similar, the 
diagnosis is not a matter of great moment. 
The first variety of parasite causes the ordinary or common ringworm 
known as tinea tonsurans, a very common disease in man and in the 
