GLOSSARY. 



225 



groove down the middle; in the camel, these two bones 

 are separate at the jower end; and in the Tragulina they 

 remain separate throughout life or fuse only at a late 

 period. See figs. 7 and 8. 



CARAPACE (Fr.). A protective shield, like that of 

 the armadillos, or the hard covering of certain insects, ot 

 crustaceans, &c. 



CARDIAC (Gr. kardia, the heart). Pertaining to the 

 heart, nearer the heart; applied to the part of the stom- 

 ach situated nearest to the entrance of the oesophagus. 



CARNASSIAL (Lat. caw, camis, flesh). The name 

 applied to a tooth found in the Carnivora, and adapted 

 for tearing flesh. It has lateral cusps or prominences 



Fig. 9. — t. Skull of Dog. m. Molars ; pm. Premolars ; cl. Carnassial ; can. 

 Canines ; z. Incisors, z. Skull of Thylacinus. Note in fig. 3 (representing the 

 front-teeth of Thylacinus) the four incisors in the upper, and three in the lower jaw. 



for dividing the flesh, and a tubercled internal heel or 

 process. It is either a molar or premolar. Also called 

 Sectorial. See the description of the carnivorous denti- 

 tion in the general account of the Carnivora in the body 

 of the book. See fig. 9. 



CARNIVORA (Lat. caro, camis, flesh, and voro, to 

 devour). An order of mammals mostly adapted for a 

 flesh diet. See fig. 9. 



CARNIVORE. A member of the Carnivora. 



CARPAL. Pertaining to the carpus. 



CARPUS (Lat.). The wrist or the part of a limb cor- 

 responding to the wrist, 

 as, for example, the so- 

 called " knee " in the 

 fore-limb of a horse. 



CARTILAGE (Lat. 

 cartilago). The name 

 of a to ugh -elastic tissue 

 in the body; gristle. 



CARTILAGI- 

 NOUS. Composed of 

 cartilage. 



CATARRHINE 

 (Gr. kata, down, and 

 rhis, rhinos, the nose). 

 Adj. belonging to the Catarrhinae, or the group of Quad- 

 rumana, which includes the ape, gorilla, chimpanzee, &c, 

 and in which the openings of the nostrils are directed 

 downwards. Noun, a member of the Catarrhinse. 



CAT-TRIBE. Used in the text as equivalent to 

 Felida, or the family comprising the genus Felis and 

 allied genera. See fig. 10. 



CEMENT. The bony tissue enveloping the fang of 

 a tooth, and sometimes found filling up spaces between 

 enamel ridges on the crown. 



CENTRUM. See Vertebra. 



Vol. II. 



Fig. 10 — One of the Digits of a Cat, (A) with 

 the claw in its ordinary position, (B) with the 

 claw pulled down. Jl. Tendon of the flexor 

 muscle or muscle that pulls down the claw; 

 el. Elastic ligament, which retracts the claw. 



CEREBELLUM 

 See figs. n-13. 



(Lat). The small or hind brain. 



Fig. 13. — Brain of Baboon — vertical section. 



ol. Olfactory lobes ; c. Cerebrum, large brain or brain proper ; cl. Cerebellum, 



small or hind brain ; cc. Corpus callosum. 



CEREBRAL. Pertaining to, the cerebrum. — Cerebral 

 hemispheres, the two halves of the large brain. 



CEREBRUM (Lat). The fore- or large brain. See 

 figs. n-13. 



CERVICAL (Lat. cervix, the neck). Pertaining to 

 the neck. 



CETACEA (Gr. ketos, a whale). An order of mammals 

 comprising the whales, dolphins, and their allies. See 

 figs. 20 and 21. 



CHEEK-TOOTH. One of the teeth behind the 

 canines, whether a molar or a premolar. 



CHEVRON BONES (from the name of a zigzag 

 ornament in heraldry). A name given to V-shaped bones 

 placed between the bodies or centra of adjacent vertebrae 

 on the under side of the tail. See figs. 14 and 27. 



ooOOOOQOQ 



ehJ eh! 

 Fig. 14. — Skeleton of the Tail of a Dolphin, ch. Chevron bones. 



CHIROPTERA (Gr. cheir, the hand, and pteron, a 

 wing). The order of mammals comprising the bats. 

 See fig. 15. 



CLAVICLE (Lat. clavicula, a little key). The collar- 

 bone, the bone extending from the shoulder-blade to the 

 breast-bone. 



CLOACA (Lat, a sewer). A common chamber or 

 cavity into which the alimentary canal and the ducts of 

 the generative and urinary organs open, as in the mono- 

 tremes. 



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