A Family History. 213 



stem. But their flowers and fruit are slightly more 

 specialised — more altered, that is to say, for a par- 

 ticular purpose from the primitive plan. In the first 

 place, the flowers, though still the same in general 

 arrangement, with five petals and many stamens and 

 carpels (or fruit-pieces), have varied a good deal in 

 detail. The petals are here much larger, and they 

 have advanced to the stage of a brilliant pink ; while 

 the blossoms are also sweet-scented. These pecu- 



Fig. 46. — Vertical section of a Dog-rose. 



liarities of course serve to attract the bees and other 

 large fertilising insects, which thus carry pollen from 

 head to head, and aid in setting the seeds much more 

 securely than the little pilfering flies. Moreover, in 

 all the roses, the outer green cup which covers the 

 blossom in the bud has grown up around the little 

 seeds or fruit-pieces, so that instead of a ball turned 

 outward, as in the strawberry and raspberry, you get, 



