22 ANALYTICAL KEY 



p. Leaves simple, though sometimes deeply cleft, 

 q. Leaves oblanceolate, not at all heart-shaped; petals greenish. 

 Swamp Saxifrage, SAXIFEAGA PENNSYLVANICA (p. 74). 

 q. Leaves more or less heart-shaped. 

 r. Stamens united in a column. 



Common Mallow, MALVA ROTXTNDIFOLIA (p. 93). 

 r. Stamens free. 

 b. Stamens five (Alum root). 

 t. Calyx regular. HEUCHERA AMERICANA (p. 74). 



t. Calyx oblique. HEUCHERA HISPID A (p. 74). 



s. Stamens ten (Geranium) . 

 t. Perennials; petals more than i cm. long. 



GERANIUM MACULATUM (p. 86). 

 t. Annuals or biennials; petals less than i cm. long. 



GERANIUM CAROLINIANUM (p. 86). 

 h. Petals dissimilar in size or shape, or if similar, with more or less 

 tubular modification. 

 i. Pistils more than one (Ranunculaceae). 

 j. Petals five, similar in size and shape, produced into large hollow 

 spurs, scarlet (yellow within); pistils five; leaves ternately compound. 

 Columbine, AQUILEGIA CANADENSIS (p. 64). 

 j. Petals four, dissimilar, the upper pair with long spurs, blue; 

 pistils three; leaves palmately divided or cut. 



Larkspur, DELPHINIUM (p. 64). 

 i. Pistil only one. 

 3. Leaves simple, though sometimes lobed or divided (p. 23). 

 k. Flowers -spiked; sepals five, dissimilar; petals three. 



Seneca Snakeroot, POLYGALA SENEGA (p. 87). 

 k. Flowers solitary; sepals five, auricled; petals five (Violet)^ 

 1. Plants without aerial stems. 

 m. Flowers blue. 

 Ill Leaves conspicuously lobed or divided, 

 o. Rootstock erect; leaves 3-divided, smoothish; leaf segments 

 linear or nearly so. 



EiRD-FOOT Violet, VIOLA PEDATA (p. 95). 

 u. Leaves palmately 5—9 lobed, pubescent; some leaf segments 

 broader than linear. VIOLA PALMATA (p. 9S). 



iif Leaves merely toothed above; basal portions lobed or not. 

 o. Leaves broad, heart-shaped, not at all lobed. 



Common Blue Violet, VIOLA CUCULLATA (p. 95). 

 u. Leaves lanceolate or oblong lanceolate, incised or deeply 

 toothed at base. 



Arrow-leaved Violet, VIOLA SAGITTATA (p. 95). 

 m. Flowers white with purple lines; rootstock slender. 

 u. Leaves heart-shaped. 



Common White Violet, VIOLA BLANDA (p. 95). 

 n. Leaves lanceolate. 



Lance-leaved Violet, VIOLA LANCEOLATA (p. 95). 

 1, Plants with aerial stems. 

 m, Flowers yellow; leaves pubescent. 



Common Yellow Violet, VIOLA PUBESCENS (p. 95)- 

 m. Flowers white or blue; leaves smooth or smoothish. 

 n. Stipules entire; spur short. VIOLA CANADENSIS (p. 95). 



