120 COMPOSITAE (COMPOSITE FAMILY) 



ovate, closely and very sharply serrate, at least the upper caudate- 

 acuminate and on winged petioles; cyme sessile, 3-4 rayed; fruit blue- 

 black. Woods. May and June. 



V. prunifolium, Black Haw. Tall shrub or small tree; leaves 

 oval, obtuse, finely and sharply serrate, the lowet surfaces and petioles 

 glabrous ; cyme 3-5-rayed ; fruit similar to the last. Dry or moist 

 ground. May and June. 



SAMBUCUS 



Shrubby, with pinnate leaves, serrate-pointed leaflets, and nu- 

 merous small flowers in large flat-topped clusters. Corolla often 

 urn-shaped, with a spreading 5-cleft border. Stamens 5. Fruit 

 a berry-like, juicy drupe containing 3 seed-like nuts. 



S. racemosa, Red-bekried Elder, Stems woody, with warty bark 

 and brown pith; leaflets 5-7, ovate-lanceolate, downy beneath; cymes 

 panicled, convex, or pyramidal; flowers yellowish-white; fruit bright 

 red. Rocky woods. May and June. 



COMPOSITAE (Composite Family) 



The largest family of flowering plants, with epigynous flowers 

 in a close head on a common receptacle surrounded by an invo- 

 lucre, tubular corolla with 5 stamens inserted in the throat, and 

 fruit seed-like (achene) and crowned by the calyx in the form of 

 bristles, scales, awns, teeth, etc. {pappus). 



ERIGERON 



Herbs, with entire or toothed leaves, and solitary or corymbed 

 heads. Heads many-flowered, on naked peduncles. Disk yellow; 

 rays white, pink, or purple. Involucre of narrow equal bracts. 

 Achenes flattened ; pappus of long bristles, rather scanty. 



E. pulchellus, Fleabane. Hairy, producing offsets from the base; 

 stem simple, rather naked above, bearing few large heads on slen- 

 der peduncles; basal leaves obovate or spatulate, sparingly toothed, 

 the cauline ones distant, lanceolate-oblong, partly clasping, entire; 

 rays (about 50) rather broad, light bluish-purple. Open ground 

 and moist banks. April to June. 



