GOLDFISH VARIETIES AND 
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by a thin, rusty scum. Small pools about a cattle yard are particularly 
favorable, but, of course, if the water is very dark it should be used 
sparingly. This sort of food should be used for about ten days to two 
weeks. Illustrations Nos. 93 to 96 show types of this living food, but 
one does not need to be very particular as to the exact form. In general 
anything alive that is too small to be well seen by the naked eye, but 
which is visible under a magnifying glass, will answer the purpose. Col- 
lection can be made with nets of fine bolting cloth. If green water can be 
had, some of it should be put in with the young fish. It contains vege- 
table matter of value to very small fry. After the fry have noticeably 
increased in size they should be fed young daphnia which have been 
screened through a fine wire tea strainer. As size increases, feed full 
size daphnia. (See page 130.) 
While the fry are being fed on infusoria, however, no daphnia should 
be introduced. The daphnia, as well as the small fish feed on infusoria 
and are more skilled than goldfish in catching them. Where daphnia 
have been for a few hours, no infusoria can be found, so thoroughly do 
they clear the water of them. In other words daphnia and goldfish up to 
the age of about ten days for the fish are competitors for the same 
living food. 
Contrary to previous theories numbers of our leading breeders now 
use a drip of water in the tanks with young fish over one month old. 
In many cases this plan seems to produce remarkable growth. The use 
of an ordinary drain in this connection is inadvisable, particularly if 
outdoors, as a heavy downpour of rain is liable to carry off the small 
fish. If the tank used has a drain pipe a large wire guard covered with 
cheesecloth will answer the purpose, but the cloth should be renewed 
occasionally, as the water rots the fabric. If fish are in a tub a good 
drain can be made by placing a 2-inch strip of stiff felt around the out- 
side edge. Secure the felt in position by securely wrapping a cord around 
it as close to top of tub as possible, allowing the felt to stand about one 
inch above sides of tub. This will not only secure the young fish, but will 
prevent the loss of any daphnia by overflow. 
Best results are had in raising fish out doors, but one invites catas- 
trophe by placing them out in the first warm spell of Spring unless it is 
possible to again bring them indoors promptly on the arrival of the cold 
spells sure to occur in the Spring of our Eastern climate. 
In instances where it is not possible to secure living food for raising 
young fish they may be started on rice flour, yellow of egg forced through 
bolting cloth or fishfood reduced to a powder and sifted through cheese- 
cloth. As they increase in size an excellent diet is the paste from boiled 
oatmeal after straining through muslin or cheesecloth. Powdered shrimp 
