i;o COROLLTFLOK.* 



5. Thrincia. — Involucre of i row, with a few scales at the base ; 

 receptacle Hghtly dotted ; fruit of the outer florets scarcely beaked ; 

 pappus a chaffy, fringed crown ; fruit of the inner florets beaked ; 

 pappus feathery. (Name from the Greek, tkrincos, a battlement, 

 from the form of the seed-crown of the marginal florets.) 



6. Hypoch.-eris (Cat's-ear). — Involucre oblong, imbricated ; re- 

 ceptacle chaffy ; fruit rough, often beaked ; pappus feathery, often 

 with a row of short bristles outside. (Name in Greek denoting its 

 fitness for hogs.) 



7. Lactuca (Lettuce). — Involucre oblong, imbricated, its scales 

 membranous at the margin, containing but few flowers ; receptacle 

 naked ; frudt flattened, beaked : pappus hairy. (Name from lac, 

 milk, which the juice resembles in colour.) 



8. SoNCHUS (Sow-thistle). — Involucre imbricated, with 2 or 3 

 rows of unequal scales, swollen at the base ; receptacle naked ; 

 fruit flattened, transversely wrinkled, not beaked ; pappus hairy. 

 (Name in Greek bearing allusion to the soft nature of the stems.) 



9. Crepis (Hawk's-beard). — Involucre double, inner of i row, 

 outer of short, loose scales ; receptacle naked ; fruit not flattened, 

 furrowed, tapering upwards ; pappus a tuft of soft white down. 

 (Name in Greek signifying a slipper, but why given to this plant is 

 not known.) 



10. HiERACiUM (Hawk-weed). — Involucre imbricated, with niuner- 

 ous oblong scales ; receptacle dotted ; fruit angular, furrowed, 

 abrupt, with a toothed margin at the top ; pappus bristly, sessile, 

 not white. (Name from the Greek, hierax, a hawk, because that 

 bird was supposed to use the plant to strengthen its sight.) 



11. Leontodon (Dandelion). — Involucre imbricated with numer- 

 ous scales, the outermost of which are loose, and often reflexed ; 

 receptacle dotted ; fruit slightly flattened, rough, bearing a long 

 and very slender beak ; pappus hairy. (Name from the Greek, 

 Icon, a lion, and odons, odontos, a tooth, from the tooth-like lobes 

 of the leaves.) 



12. Lapsana (Nipple-wort). — Involucre a .single row of erect 

 scales, with 4-5 small ones at the base, containing but few flowers ; 

 receptacle naked ; fruit flattened, furrowed ; pappus o. (Name of 

 classical origin.) 



13. Chicorium (Chicory). — Involucre in 2 rows, inner of 8 

 scales, which bend back after flowering ; outer of 5 smaller, loose 

 scales ; receptacle naked, or slightly hairy ; fruit thick above, 

 tapering downwards ; pappus a double row of small chaffy scales. 

 (Name of Arabic origin.) 



