192 COROLLIFLOR^ 



2. Erythflea (Centaury). — Calyx ^-cleii; coro/Za funnel-shaped, 

 5-cleft, not falling off ; stamens 5 ; anthers becoming spirally 

 twisted. 



3. CiCENDiA (Gentianella). — Calyx 4-cleft, tubular ; corolla 

 funnel-shaped, 4-cleft ; stamens 4 ; anthers not twisted ; stigma 

 undivided. (Name, according to Hooker and Arnott, from the 

 Greek, cicinnus, curled hair ; but, if so, pa"rticularly inappropriate 

 to the only British species, which is singularly rigid.) 



4. Chlora (Yellow- wort). — Calyx deeply 8-cleft ; corolla with a 

 very short tube, 8-cleft ; stamens 8 ; stigma 2 to 4-cleft. (Name 

 from the Greek, chloros, yellow, from the colour of the flowers.) 



5. Menyanthes (Buck-bean). — Calyx deeply 5-cleft ; corolla 

 funnel-shaped, with 5 lobes, fringed all over the inner surface ; 

 stamens 5 ; stigma 2-lobed. (Name of doubtful origin.) 



6. ViLLARSiA. — Calyx deeply 5-cleft : corolla wheel-shaped, with 

 5 lobes, which are fringed only at the base ; stamens 5 ; stigma with 

 2 toothed lobes. (Name in honour of M. de Villars, a French 

 botanist.) 



I. Gentian A {Gentian) 



1. G. pneumonanthe (Marsh Gentian). — Stem erect, 6-12 inches 

 high, few-flowered ; calyx 5-cleft ; corolla between bell and funnel- 

 shaped, 5-cleft, not fringed. WeU distinguished by its large, bell- 

 shaped, deep blue flowers, with 5 green stripes. There are rarely 

 more than i or 2 flowers on the same stalk. Boggy heaths, princi- 

 pally in Northern England. — Fl. August, September. Annual. 



2. G. verna (Spring Gentian). — A very rare species. Stems 

 simple, and often extremely short, each bearing a solitary large 

 intensely blue flower which is 5-cleft, and has between the lobes 

 5 smaUer 2-cleft segments. Found only in one or two places in 

 Northern England and in Ireland. — Fl. April to June. Perennial. 



3. G. nivalis (Small Gentian). — Taller than the last and usually 

 branched, each branch bearing a flower resembling G. verna in shape 

 and colour, but smaller. Very rare ; only found on the summits of 

 some of the Highland mountains. — Fl. August, September. Annual. 



4. G. amarella (Autumnal Gentian). — Stem erect, branched, 

 many-flowered ; calyx 5-cleft ; corolla salver-shaped, fringed in the 

 throat. A remarkably erect plant, with a square, leafy, purplish 

 stem, 6-12 inches high, and numerous, rather large purplish flowers, 

 which only expand in bright sunshine. Dry chalky pastures, not 

 common. — Fl. August, September. Annual. 



5. G. campesiris (Field Gentian). — Stem erect, branched, many- 

 flowered ; calyx 4-cleft, the two outer lobes much larger ; corolla 

 salver-shaped, 4-cleft, fringed in the throat. Resembling the last 





