204 COROLLIFLOR^ 



stature, and having larger flowers than the last, is found on the 

 mountains of Yorkshire, Westmoreland, and Perthshire ; it is ex- 

 tremely rare. — Fl. July, August. Perennial. 



10. AsPERUGO (Madwort) 



I. A. frocumhens (German Madwort). — The only species, occur- 

 ring very sparingly in Scotland and the north of England. The 

 dsms are prostrate, angular, and thickly set with rigid, curved 

 bristles ; the flowers are small, blue, 1-3 in the axils of the upper 

 leaves. — Fl. June, July. Annual. 



II. Cynoglossum {Hound' s-tongue) 



1. C. officinale (Common Hound's-tongue). — A stout, herbaceous 

 plant 1-2 feet high, with large downy leaves, lurid purple flowers, 

 and large flattened seeds, which are covered with barbed prickles, 

 and stick to the wool of animals or the clothes of passengers as 

 closely as burs. The whole plant has a strong disagreeable smell, 

 like that of mice. Waste ground, not uncommon. — Fl. June to 

 August. Biennial. 



2. C. montanum (Green Hound's-tongue). — A more slender plant 

 than the last, the leaves greener, with a few stiff scattered hairs ; 

 the flowers smaller than in C. officinale, reddish, changing to blue. 

 Shady places ; of local occurrence in the south and Midlands. — 

 Fl. May, June. Biennial. 



Natural Order LVI 



SOLANACEiE.— Nightshade Tribe 



Calyx deeply 5- rarely 4-cleft, inferior ; corolla^- or rarely 4-cleft, 

 regular, plaited when in bud ; stamens equalling in number the 

 divisions of the corolla and alternate with them ; anthers bursting 

 lengthwise, or opening by pores ; ovary 2-celled ; style I ; stigma 

 simple ; fruit a 2 or partially 4-celled capsule or berry ; seeds 

 numerous. A large and highly important order, containing about 

 a thousand species of herbaceous plants or shrubs, which inhabit 

 most parts of the world except the coldest, and are most abundant 

 within the tropics. The prevailing property of plants belonging 

 to the Nightshade Tribe is narcotic, and many are, in consequence, 

 highly poisonous ; in others, certain parts of the plant have poison- 

 ous properties, the rest being harmless, and some even contain a 

 large quantity of nutritious matter. The genus Solanum is a very 

 extensive one, comprising as many as six hundred species. First 

 among these in importance stands the Potato (5. tuberosum), a 

 native of Chili, which was introduced into Spain about 1580, and 



