ORCHIDEOUS TRIBE 275 



Listera cordafa (Heart-leaved Twayblade) is a much smaller 

 plant, with two heart-shaped leaves. It occurs in mountainous 

 districts, chiefly in the north, and flowers from June to August. 



Neottia nidus-avis (Bird's nest) is a pale, reddish-brown plant, 

 about a foot high, entirely destitute of leaves, the place of which is 

 supplied by numerous sheathing, brown scales. The root consists 

 of many short fleshy fibres, for the extremities of wliich the young 

 plants are produced. It is found sparingly in shady woods, 

 flowering in June. 



Spiranthus antiimnalis (Autumn Lady's tresses). — A curious little 

 plant, from 4-6 inches high, with tuberous roots and a spike of 

 small white flowers, which are arranged in a single row, and in a 

 spiral manner, in some specimens from left to right, in others from 

 right to left, round the upper portion of the stalk. The flowers are 

 fragrant in the evening. The leaves form a tuft just above the 

 crown of the r%ot, and wither before the flowers begin to expand. 

 These are succeeded by a tuft of new lea\'es, which rise from the 

 base of the old stems. Not uncommon in dry pastures, flowering 

 in September and October. Two other species of Spiranthes occur, 

 both exceedingly rare ; they are S. cestivalis (Summer Lady's 

 tresses) and 5. Romazoviana (Drooping Lady's tresses). The 

 former is taller, and has larger flowers than 5. autumnalis, and is 

 found only in Hampshire and Worcestershire ; the latter is only 

 found at Bantry Bay, in Ireland. 



Ophrys apifera (Bee Orchis). — The distinctive character of the 

 flower of this curious plant is given in its name, and the same may 

 be said of 0. miiscifera (Fly Orchis) ; both species occur in con- 

 siderable abundance in many of the limestone and chalk districts. 

 No one who has heard that plants exist bearing these names can 

 doubt their identity, should they fall in his way. The former of 

 these flowers in June and July, the latter in May and June. 



The Spider Orchis (Ophrys aranifera) is erf rare occurrence. 



Goodyera repens (Creeping Goodyera) is a small plant with creep- 

 ing roots, and one-sided spikes of small, greenish white flowers, not 

 unlike Spiranthes, but the spike not spiral. Rare and local ; found 

 in Cumberland and in Scotland. Fir woods. — Fl. late summer. 



Corallorhiza innata (Coral-root). — Well marked by its curiously- 

 toothed roots, which in figure resemble branched coral ; the stem 

 which bears scales in place of leaves, is some 9 inches high, and of 

 a yellowish-green colour. Flowers small, greenish yellow. Con- 

 fined to the east of Scotland ; damp woods. 



Acer as anthropophora (Man Orchis) bears a long loose spike of 

 greenish-yellow flowers, which bear a fancied resemblance to a 

 man — the two upper side lobes of the lip„ representing the arms, 

 the elongated, deeply-cleft, middle lobe the legs and body. Dry 

 chalky places in Eastern England. 



