SuEEp. 87 
daily foddering would suffice—in others, a light foddering 
placed in the depository racks once in two days would answer 
the purpose. In the steady cold weather of the North, the 
shepherd readily learns to determine about how much hay will 
be consumed before the next foddering time; and this is the 
amount whick should, as near as may be, be regularly fed. In 
feeding grain or roots there is no difficulty in preserving entire 
regularity, and it is vastly more important than in feeding hay. 
Of the latter a sheep will not over-eat and surfeit itself; of the 
former it will, And if not fed grain to the point of surfeiting, 
but still over-plenteously, it will expect a like amount at the 
next feeding, and failing to receive it will pine for it and manifest 
uneasiness. The effect of such irregularity on the stomach and 
system of any animal is bad, and the sheep suffers more from 
it than any other animal. I would much rather that my flock 
receive no grain at all than that they should receive it without 
regard to regularity inthe amount. The shepherd should be re- 
quired to measure out the grain to sheep in all instances—instead 
of guessing it out—and to measure it to each separate Hock. 
“Tn the North the grass often gets very short by the 10th or 
15th of November, and it has lost much of its nutritiousness 
from repeated freezing and thawing. At this time, though no 
snow has yet fallen, it is best to give the sheep a light, daily 
foddering of bright hay, or a few oats in the bundle. Given 
thus for the ten or twelve days which precede the covering of 
the ground by snow, fodder pays for itself as well as at any 
other time during the year.” 
4, Salt,—‘ Salt, in my judgment, is indispensable to the health 
of sheep, particularly in the summer ;- and I know not a flock- 
master among the hundreds, nay, thousands with whom I am 
acquainted, who differs with me in this opinion. It is common 
to give it once a week while the sheep are at grass, 
“Tt is still better to give them free access to salt at all times 
by keeping it in a covered box, open on one side.” 
5. Water. Water is not indispensable in the summer pas- 
tures, the dews and the succulence of. the feed answering as a 
