164 APPENDIX. 
and the second to permanertly secure the leg which is looped up. The apply 
cation of the straps will be better understood by reference to fig. 5S. 
In the first place, if the horse be a biter, muzzle him; then lift and bend his 
left tore-leg, and slip a loop over it. The leg which is looped up must be secur- 
ed by applying the short strap, buckling it around the pastern joint ond fores 
arm; next put on the surcingle, and fasten the long strap around the right fore- 
foot, and pass the end through a loop attached to the surcingle; after which 
fasten on a couple of thick leather knee-pads—these can be put on in the first 
place if convenient. The pads are necessary, as some horses in their s'ruggles 
come violeotly on their knees, abrading them badly. Now take a short hold 
of the long strap with your right hand; stand on the left side of the horse, 
grasp the bit in your left hand; while in this position back him gently about 
the stable. until he becomes so exhausted as to exhibit a desire to lie down, 
which desire should be gratified with as little violence as possible ; bear your 
weight firmly against the shouldcr of the horse, and pull steadily on the strap 
with your right hand ; this will force him to raise his foot, which should be im- 
mediately pulled from under him. This is the critical moment; cling to the 
horse, and after a few struggles he will lie down. In bearing against the ani- 
mal do not desist from pulling and pushing until you have him on his side. 
Prevent him from attempting to rise by pulling his head toward his shoulder. 
As soon as he is done struggling, caress his face and neck; also, handle every 
part of his body, and render yourself as familiar as possible. After he has lain 
quietly for twenty minutes let him rise, and immediately repeat the operation, 
removing the straps as soon as he is down; and if his head is pulled toward his 
shoulder it is impossible for him to get up. After throwing him from two to 
five times the animal will become as submissive and abject as a well-trained 
dog, and you need not be afraid to indulge in any liberties with him. A young 
horse is subdued much quicker than an old one, as his habits are not confirm- 
ed. An incorrigible horse should have two lessons a day; about the fourth 
