PARALYSIS OF BLADDER— BLAI». 25 



by keeping dogs where they will not nrinate. Some dogs will not 

 do so when shut up in a room, or when on the chain; hence the 

 necessity, too often neglected, of taking dogs off the benches at 

 exhihitions at regular intervals. This compulsory retention of nrine 

 produces spasm of the neck of the bladder, and paralysis — loss of 

 the necessary muscular power — follows. It may also be the result of 

 injury to the spine, or of debilitating disease. The effect of con- 

 tinued hot fomentations should be tried, and if these fail, the urine 

 should be drawn off by means of a catheter. Passing a catheter is a 

 very simple matter. The dog should be placed upon his back, and 

 the prepuce pressed back, so as to bring the penis into view ; the 

 catheter should then be dressed with a little olive oil or vaseline and 

 passed gently into the opening at the point of the penis. This will 

 introduce it into the bladder, when the piece of wire with which the 

 instrument is provided should be withdrawn. Should the urine not 

 flow freely, the dog can be stood upon its legs, keeping the catheter 

 in position. If a catheter is not at hand, pressure with both hands 

 through the abdominal walls in the region of the bladder, will 

 empty it of its contents. If paralysis of the hind legs is present, an 

 assistant should raise the body from the ground, by means of the 

 tail, whilst the operator is pressing the sides. 



During convalescence give barley-water to drink, and soft nourish- 

 ing food — porridge and milk, broth and bread, etc. 



BIJAIIT is a name given to a vesicular swelling of the tongue 

 along the sides and underneath. It comes on suddenly, is most 

 frequent in spring and summer, and appears to be epidemic, many 

 cases occurring in the same neighbourhood at the same time ; it has 

 not been shown to be contagious. Horses and cattle are even more 

 subject to it than dogs, and, although it is not a fatal disease, it is a 

 very troublesome one. 



The symptoms appear without warning and apparently without 

 cause. The first thing generally observed is a considerable increase 

 in the flow of saliva, which dribbles from the mouth. The breath is 

 foetid, and on examination the tongue wiU be found considerably 

 swollen, while, if the disease has lasted any time, there will be 

 observed large livid vesicles, which rupture, leaving ulcers ; these 

 ultimately assume a gangrenous form, and discharge foetid matter 

 tinged with blood. 



If observed in its early stage, give a dose of Mild Aperient or 

 black draught every morning for four or five days. If the vesicles 

 are large, make an incision with a lancet, and sponge the tongue with 

 1 part of saturated solution of chlorinated soda to 10 parts of 

 tepid water, or ^vith a dessert-spoonful of Condy's fluid in a pint of 



