II. 
AMCOSCUOPY OF PAPER. 99 
Fibres are short; less than diameter of field (Mag. =60). 
‘(1) Ends of fibres frayed and torn. 
Cotton rag—Mechanical wood (conifers). 
(2) Ends of fibres not torn. 
Coir—Elm—Willow. 
B. Characteristic forms other than fibres are also present. 
I. 
II. 
Fibres are Jong; equal to or greater than diameter of field 
(Mag. =60). 
(1) Fibres quite broad in middle; tapering to point like a 
bayonet. 
(a) One or both ends of cells drawn out, sometimes 
terminating in a tail. 
Poplar—Birch—Por por gum. 
(6) Ends of cells cut off obliquely at blunt angle. 
Cottonwood—W hitewood—Black walnut—Holly 
—Chestnut. 
(2) Fibres not varying greatly in width, ends needle-like. 
(a) Characteristic forms (cells) large; covering 4 to 4 
diameter of field. 
Bamboo—Sorghum bagasse—Raffia—Tulip. 
(b) Characteristic forms small, cellular, serrated, or 
pointed. , 
’ Straw—Es parto—Sugar-cane bagasse—Live Oak. 
Fibres are short; less than diameter of field (Mag. = 60). 
(x) Cells comparatively long and narrow; quite sharply 
pointed at one or both ends. 
Magnolia—Tulip—sSweet buckeye. 
(2) Cells prismatic, stubby; ends blunt and cut off 
obliquely. 
(a) Quantities of short, fine, transparent material with 
square ends. 
Holly—Chestnut. 
(b) Field fairly clear except for fibres and characteristic 
elements. 
Pawpaw — Tree of heaven — Maple — Black 
cherry—Willow. 
(3) Cells fragmentary, broken; fibres short. 
Groundwood—Elm. 
