LAURACEZ. 457 
4 
several Litseas are also said to supply cinnamon.’ To the genus 
Cinnamomum belong the odoriferous barks of Sindoe,’ of Culilawan,' 
or clove-cinnamon (cannelle-girofiée) of India,‘ and of Massoy from 
New Guinea.’ The true clove-cinnamon is that of Brazil, yielded 
by Dicypellium caryophyllatum.' 
The most aromatic of all the Zauracee appears to be the Raven- 
sara of Madagascar.’ Its bark and leaves have a strong scent of 
cloves; but this perfume is most powerful in the fruit, which, 
enveloped in their chambered receptacle, constitute the Madagascar 
spice or Ravensara- or Clove-nuts (Fr., zotx de Ravensara, de Girofle ; 
figs 247, 248), much used as an aromatic in Madagascar and some- 
times imported into Europe. The Casca pretiosa of the Brazilians 
is the scented bark of Mespilodaphne pretiosa.* The aromatic 
Anise or Sassafras-wood of Orinoco is said to be that of Ocotea 
cymbarum ; and to this same tree has been ascribed” the Pichurim- 
bark" of tropical America. 
The Pichurim-seed” of the same parts, 
who gives OC, Lourewii Nurs, Tamala NEES, 
aromaticum Nexs, obtusifolium Nexs, daph- 
noides S1zB. & Zucc., pedunculatum Nuzxs, &c., 
as also furnishing officinal barks. The cinnamon 
of Cayenne comes from C. zeylanicum, intro- 
duced and cultivated in Guiana, 
! GuisourT refers to L. zeylanicwm, that 
kind in particular named Dawel-coronde, or 
Drum-cinnamon (Fr., Cannellier-tambour), from 
the use made of its wood, 
2 Mentioned by RumPuivs, who pronounces 
it different from the Cudilawan, though vulgarly 
confounded with it. It appears really to come 
from Cinnamomum Sintoe Bu, (see above, p. 456, 
note 11). 
3 From the Malay word Kulit-lawang (Gut- 
BourT, loc. cit., 409). It comes from Cinna- 
momum Culilawan Bu, Bijdr., 571.—MEIssy., 
Prodr,, n. 11.—C. Cutlitlawan Hayne, Arzn., 
12, t. 24.—-Laurus Culilaban L.—L. Cassia, 
var. Culilaban Lamx., Dict., iii. 444.—L. Culi- 
lawang NEES. — Celit-lawan-boom VALENT., 
Amb., iii. 210, This is Cortex caryophylloides 
albus of Rumputvs (Herb. Amboin., ii. 65, t. 14). 
4 Under this name are confounded the true 
Culilawan bark (C. verus), and that of C. rubrum 
Bt., which is also of clove scent, and is of a dark 
cinnamon-red colour, The Culilawan of the 
Papuans has a similar smell, but its liber is 
brownish. It is referred to C, xanthoneuron 
Bz. (RosENTH., op. cit., 229). 
5 Attributed to C, Kiamis Nuzs (C. Bur- 
manni Bu.?), and often prescribed as a tonic 
and antidiarrheic in Java and the neighbouring 
countries, like many other clove-scented barks 
allied to the cinnamons. 
6 See below, p. 472, u. 32, not. 5,6. GurB. 
loc. cit., 396.—Manrt., Fl. Bras., Laurac., 316. 
This is the Imyra quiynha of Para, and the 
Espingo of the inhabitants of Maynas. It is 
used as a stimulant by the physician, as an aro- 
matic by the cook. 
7 Ravensara aromatica Sonnen., Voy., ii. 
226, t. 127.—Porr., Dict., vi. 81.—H. By., in 
Adansonia, ix. fasc. 9. — Evodia aromatica 
Lamr., Dict., vi. 81.—Pers., Syn, ti. 1.— 
FE. Ravensara GERTN., Fruct., ii. 101, t. 103.— 
Agathophyllum aromaticum W., Spec., ii. 842. 
—Porr., Dict., Suppl., iv. 656.—Lamux., JIL, 
t. 825.—NeEzs, Syst., 232.—MEIssn., Prodr., 
110, u. 1—GurIB., Drog. Simpl., ed. 6, ii. 398. 
—ROosENtH., op. cit., 232.—Ravin-dzara, Ra- 
vensara of the natives. 
3S Nxrrs, in Linnea, viii. 45; Syst. Laur, 
237.—Cryptocarya pretiosa Mart.—H. B. K., 
Nov. Gen. et Spec., vii. 192, t. 645.—GUIB., 
op. cit., 399.— Canelilla, Pao pretiosa, Pereiora 
of the Brazilians. A very aromatic substance, 
used in the treatment of catarrh, dropsy, rbeu- 
matic and syphilitic affections, &c. (see Mart., 
Fl. Bras., Laurac., 317 ;—Bucun., in Rep. 
Pharm., xxxi. 356). In Von Marrivs’s work will 
be found (311-314) a complete enumeration 
of the native names of all the Lauwracee em- 
ployed in medicine and domestic economy. 
9 QUIB., op. cit., 392. 
0 GUIB., op. cit., 393. 
Murray (App. Med., iv. 554) regards it as 
produced by the same trees as the Pichurim- 
beans. 
2 Guts., loc. cit., 393.—Manr., loc. cit., 317, 
